Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population
| Characteristics | SII | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <75.5 | 75.6−104.2 | >104.2 | ||
| SII | 56.5 ± 10.4 | 78.6 ± 5.5 | 113.4 ± 29.5 | <0.001 |
| N | 177 | 177 | 177 | |
| Age, years | 57.2 ± 18.3 | 61.4 ± 18.2 | 58.9 ± 16.0 | <0.001 |
| Sex, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Female | 69 (39.0) | 82 (46.3) | 94 (53.1) | |
| Male | 108 (61.0) | 95 (53.7) | 83 (46.9) | |
| Race, n (%) | 0.395 | |||
| White | 120 (67.8) | 120 (67.8) | 115 (65.0) | |
| Black | 10 (5.6) | 19 (10.7) | 17 (9.6) | |
| Other | 47 (26.6) | 38 (21.5) | 45 (25.4) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 30.0 ± 16.5 | 30.9 ± 8.6 | 31.0 ± 9.4 | 0.834 |
| SBP, mmHg | 120.3 ± 20.1 | 124.2 ± 19.4 | 123.6 ± 18.3 | 0.127 |
| DBP, mmHg | 65.1 ± 13.7 | 64.2 ± 11.6 | 65.2 ± 12.7 | 0.713 |
| SPO2, % | 96.4 ± 2.7 | 96.3 ± 3.5 | 96.4 ± 2.7 | 0.916 |
| Heart rate, beats/minute | 95.5 ± 19.3 | 94.8 ± 18.8 | 96.4 ± 17.4 | 0.714 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| AKI, n (%) | 0.141 | |||
| No | 31 (17.5%) | 42 (23.7%) | 46 (26.0%) | |
| Yes | 146 (82.5%) | 135 (76.3%) | 131 (74.0%) | |
| Chronic rena disease, n (%) | 0.096 | |||
| No | 160 (90.4%) | 154 (87.0%) | 166 (93.8%) | |
| Yes | 17 (9.6%) | 23 (13.0%) | 11 (6.2%) | |
| Chronic liver disease, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| No | 137 (77.4%) | 163 (92.1%) | 168 (94.9%) | |
| Yes | 40 (22.6%) | 14 (7.9%) | 9 (5.1%) | |
| CHD, n (%) | 0.170 | |||
| No | 154 (87.0) | 147 (83.1) | 159 (89.8) | |
| Yes | 23 (13.0) | 30 (16.9) | 18 (10.2) | |
| CHF, n (%) | 0.107 | |||
| No | 168 (94.9) | 149 (84.2) | 162 (91.5) | |
| Yes | 9 (5.1) | 28 (15.8) | 15 (8.5) | |
| Sepsis, n (%) | 0.113 | |||
| No | 125 (70.6) | 140 (79.1) | 139 (78.5) | |
| Yes | 52 (29.4) | 37 (20.9) | 38 (21.5) | |
| DM, n (%) | 0.547 | |||
| No | 141 (79.7) | 133 (75.1) | 134 (75.7) | |
| Yes | 36 (20.3) | 44 (24.9) | 43 (24.3) | |
| Pneumonia, n (%) | 0.177 | |||
| No | 138 (78.0%) | 127 (71.8%) | 123 (69.5%) | |
| Yes | 39 (22.0%) | 50 (28.2%) | 54 (30.5%) | |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 0.273 | |||
| No | 93 (52.5%) | 79 (44.6%) | 81 (45.8%) | |
| Yes | 84 (47.5%) | 98 (55.4%) | 96 (54.2%) | |
| Alcohol abuse | 0.036 | |||
| No | 120 (67.8) | 140 (79.1) | 136 (76.8) | |
| Yes | 57 (32.2) | 37 (20.9) | 41 (23.2) | |
| Depression | 0.376 | |||
| No | 156 (88.1) | 163 (92.1) | 156 (88.1) | |
| Yes | 21 (11.9) | 14 (7.9) | 21 (11.9) | |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl | 10.0 ± 2.2 | 11.0 ± 2.2 | 10.1 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
| Hematocrit, % | 29.4 ± 6.3 | 32.3 ± 6.2 | 30.3 ± 5.7 | <0.001 |
| WBC count, 109/L | 10.0 ± 7.5 | 11.6 ± 5.4 | 15.0 ± 8.8 | <0.001 |
| Platelet count, 109 /L | 92.7 ± 44.3 | 185.2 ± 40.1 | 327.6 ± 137.2 | <0.001 |
| Lymphocytes, 109 /L | 2.2 ± 2.1 | 1.6 ± 1.0 | 1.7 ± 1.4 | 0.008 |
| Neutrophils, % | 74.9 ± 15.6 | 79.6 ± 11.4 | 81.3 ± 11.3 | <0.001 |
| Albumin, mmol/L | 2.9 ± 0.6 | 3.0 ± 0.7 | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 0.295 |
| PT, second | 33.0 ± 10.0 | 29.7 ± 6.9 | 28.9 ± 7.8 | <0.001 |
| Scoring systems | ||||
| APS III | 48.4 ± 19.9 | 51.6 ± 23.1 | 59.6 ± 27.1 | <0.001 |
| SOFA | 4.3 ± 3.3 | 5.3 ± 3.7 | 8.0 ± 4.1 | <0.001 |
| Mortality, n (%) | ||||
| 30-day | 0.032 | |||
| No | 139 (78.5) | 154 (87.0) | 155 (87.6) | |
| Yes | 38 (21.5) | 23 (13.0) | 22 (12.4) | |
| 90-day | 0.004 | |||
| No | 127 (71.8) | 142 (80.2) | 143 (80.8) | |
| Yes | 50 (28.2) | 35 (19.8) | 34 (19.2) | |
Note: Data were presented as the mean ± SD and n (%).
Abbreviations: SII, systemic immune-inflammation index; BMI, body mass index; AKI, acute kidney injury; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SPO2, percutaneous oxygen saturation; CHD, Coronary Heart Disease; CHF, chronic heart failure; DM, diabetes mellitus, WBC, white blood cell; PT, prothrombin time; APS III, Acute Physiology Score II; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.