Table 2.

Incidence rates of primary composite outcome, acute myocardial infraction, stroke, and heart failure among new users of DPP-4 inhibitors, sulfonylureas, and metformin.

Outcome, n	DPP-4 inhibitors	Sulfonylureas	Metformin
Primary composite outcome1	510	1301	4781
Total person years	5578	10,696	57,134
Rate per 1000 person years	91.25	121.63	79.46
Median [IQR] observation time, days	160 [92, 286]	144 [75, 288]	163 [93, 300]
Rate difference (95% CI)2	–	− 30.20 [− 40.47, − 19.89]	7.75 [− 0.45, 15.96]
Acute myocardial infarction	54	132	450
Total person years	5898	11,487	60,159
Rate per 1000 person years	9.16	11.49	7.06
Median [IQR] observation time, days	167 [98, 297]	161 [90, 308]	172 [100, 314]
Rate difference (95% CI)2	–	− 2.34 [− 5.45, 0.80]	1.68 [− 0.91, 4.22]
Stroke	141	268	1202
Total person years	5839	11,380	59,592
Rate per 1000 person years	24.15	23.55	20.17
Median [IQR] observation time, days	167 [97, 295]	159 [90, 305]	171 [99, 311]
Rate difference (95% CI)2	–	0.60 [− 4.31, 5.47]	3.98 [− 0.19, 8.14]
Heart failure	24	87	240
Total person years	5912	11,512	60,277
Rate per 1000 person years	4.06	7.56	3.98
Median [IQR] observation time, days	168 [98, 298]	161[90,308]	172 [100, 314]
Rate difference (95% CI)2	–	− 3.50 [− 5.78, − 1.21]	0.08 [− 1.64, 1.82]

IQR interquartile range.

¹Primary composite outcome includes myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, coronary artery bypass, coronary angioplasty, heart failure, stroke, inpatient death.

²Incidence rate difference per 1000 person-years.

Bold values indicate statistically significant results.