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. 2021 Aug 17;12:4978. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25258-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Dependence of the minimum crystallization time τ (a) and the reduced onset temperature T_ro for glass formation (b) upon two chemical bond quantifiers, the number of electrons transferred and shared between adjacent atoms. A pronounced decrease of the minimum time to crystallize and the glass-forming ability is observed in the metavalent bonding region (green background) between covalent (red) and metallic bonding. Figure 4a, in conjunction with Fig. 2a, shows that the crystallization time τ is clearly correlated with the number of electrons shared. For the Se-rich compounds, which are covalently bonded such as GeSe, crystallization is not even discernible in the optical tester.