Table 2.
Overview of novel antibiotic-analogues against S. pneumoniae discovered since 2010. NDA: New drug application; FDA: US Food and Drug Administration.
| Name | Year of discovery of anti-pneumococcal activity | Antibiotic class | Clinical trials | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avarofloxacin (JNJ-Q2, acorafloxacin) | 2010 | Fluoroquinolones | Phase I | (Morrow et al. 2010; Fernandez et al. 2011; Covington et al. 2013) |
| Solithromycin (CEM-101) | 2010 | Ketolides (Macrolides) | Phase III | (McGhee et al. 2010; Rodgers, Frazier and Champney 2013; Farrell, Mendes and Jones 2015; Zhanel et al. 2016; Kato et al. 2019) |
| MX-2401 | 2011 | Lipopeptides | None | (Dugourd et al. 2011; Rubinchik et al. 2011) |
| Cefilavancin (TD-1792) | 2012 | Glycopeptide-cephalosporin conjugate | Phase III | (Hegde et al. 2012) |
| Lefamulin | 2013 | Pleuromutilins | FDA approved | (Ross et al. 2012; Paukner et al. 2013; Mendes et al. 2016; Paukner and Riedl 2017) |
| Contezolid (MRX-1) | 2014 | Oxazolidinones | Phase III | (Shinabarger 1999; Li et al. 2014) |
| Omadacycline (PTK 0796) | 2014 | Tetracyclines | FDA approved | (Draper et al. 2014; Macone et al. 2014) |
| RBx 14 255 | 2014 | Ketolides (Macrolides) | Preclinical | (Raj et al. 2014; Barman et al. 2019) |
| Eravacycline (TP-434) | 2015 | Tetracyclines | NDA filed | (Grossman et al. 2012, 2015) |
| Lascufloxacin | 2017 | Fluoroquinolones | NDA filed | (Kishii, Yamaguchi and Takei 2017) |
| Nafithromycin (WCK 4873) | 2017 | Ketolides (Macrolides) | Phase II | (Zhanel et al. 2002; Flamm, Rhomberg and Sader 2017) |
| TP-271 | 2017 | Fluorocyclines (Tetracyclines) | Phase I | (Grossman et al. 2017) |
| KBP-7072 | 2019 | Tetracyclines | Phase I | (Lepak et al. 2019) |