Table 1.

Summary statistics of the analytical sample (N = 4101). PGSs of educational attainments, depression, time discounting, age at first birth, height, BMI and risk tolerance are normalized from 0 to 1.

variable	mean (s.d.)	range
socio-demographic characteristics
age	27.4 (7.4)	18–67
years of schooling	16.2 (2.3)	6–22
urbanization of youth environment	countryside: 9.1%; town: 41.8%; city: 49.1%
birthplace characteristics
county per cent paddy rice field	0.462 (0.354)	0.000–0.952
county 2012 GDP per capita (10 000 CNY)	5.659 (2.771)	0.646–16.301
historical pathogen prevalence (province)	14.4 (7.2)	0.4–25.7
county yearly average temperature (°C)	15.3 (4.6)	−1.0–25.8
polygenic scores (PGSs) and genotypes
educational attainment [33]	0.53 (0.15)	0–1
depression [34]	0.51 (0.13)	0–1
time discounting [32]	0.84 (0.18)	0–1
age at first birth [30]	0.53 (0.14)	0–1
height [35]	0.52 (0.15)	0–1
BMI [36]	0.51 (0.16)	0–1
risk tolerance [31]	0.54 (0.13)	0–1
ALDH2 rs671	0.38 (0.56)	0–2
ADH1B rs1229984	1.25 (0.73)	0–2