Table 4. Factors Associated With Moderate to Severe Vision Impairment (MSVI) and Blindness Stratified by Age and Sex.
| Factor | Participants with disease-associated MSVI, No. | Proportion of participants with disease-associated MSVI, No. (%) (n = 562)a | Prevalence of disease-associated MSVI, No. (%) [95% CI] (n = 1149)b | Participants with disease-associated blindness, No. | Proportion of participants with disease-associated blindness, No. (%) (n = 68)c | Prevalence of disease-associated blindness, No. (%) [95% CI] (n = 1149)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cataract | 324 | 324 (57.7) | 324 (28.2) [25.6-30.8] | 33 | 33 (48.5) | 33 (2.9) [1.9-3.8] |
| Secondary cataract | 4 | 4 (0.7) | 4 (0.3) [0-0.7] | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Age-related macular degeneration | 78 | 78 (13.9) | 78 (6.8) [5.3-8.3] | 15 | 15 (22.1) | 15 (1.3) [0.7-2.0] |
| Myopic maculopathy | 13 | 13 (2.3) | 13 (1.1) [0.5-1.7] | 3 | 3 (4.4) | 3 (0.3) [0-0.6] |
| Glaucoma | 45 | 45 (8.0) | 45 (3.9) [2.8-5.0] | 7 | 7 (10.3) | 7 (0.6) [0.2-1.1] |
| Nonglaucomatous optic nerve damage | 4 | 4 (0.7) | 4 (0.3) [0-0.7] | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Macular hole | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) [0-0.3] | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Macular edema of unknown origin | 2 | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.2) [0-0.4] | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corneal scar | 26 | 26 (4.6) | 26 (2.3) [1.4-3.1] | 2 | 2 (2.9) | 2 (0.2) [0-0.4] |
| Unclear | 65 | 65 (11.6) | 65 (5.7) [4.3-7.0] | 8 | 8 (11.8) | 8 (0.7) [0.2-1.2] |
a
Proportion among all participants with MSVI, which was defined as best-corrected visual acuity worse than 6/18 but equal to or better than 3/60 in the better eye or both eyes (measured by modified Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study charts).
b
Prevalence in total study population.
c
Proportion among all participant with blindness, which was defined as best-corrected visual acuity worse than 3/60 in the better eye or both eyes (measured by modified Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study charts).