Table 3.

Factors associated with intestinal resection.

	All patients (n = 122)				(L2 + L3) patients (n = 98)
	Univariate		Multivariate		Univariate		Multivariate
	P	HR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)
Female	0.105	1.73 (0.89–3.36)	NS		0.170	1.75 (0.79–3.91)	NS
Smoking
Former vs. never	0.809	1.28 (0.17–9.44)	NS		NA		NA
Current vs. never	0.658	0.83 (0.36–1.90)	NS		0.757	1.15 (0.47–2.79)	NS
Age at diagnosis
A2 vs. A1	0.047	0.44 (0.20–0.99)	0.301	1.70 (0.62–4.63)	0.507	0.69 (0.23–2.09)	NS
A3 vs. A1	0.373	0.66 (0.26–1.65)	0.094	2.15 (0.87–6.34)	0.663	1.33 (0.37–4.76)	NS
Location at diagnosis
L2 vs. L1	0.594	0.81 (0.38–1.73)	0.737	0.85 (0.33–2.18)	NA		NA
L3 vs. L1	0.044	0.40 (0.16–0.98)	0.713	0.82 (0.28–2.39)	NA		NA
L4 involvement	0.979	1.02 (0.31–3.33)	NS		0.924	1.07 (0.25–4.58)	NS
Behavior at diagnosis
B2 vs. B1	0.362	1.44 (0.66–3.15)	0.161	1.87 (0.78–4.48)	0.259	1.69 (0.68–4.18)	0.402	1.49 (0.58–3.82)
B3 vs. B1	0.002	5.59 (1.86–16.71)	0.022	4.65 (1.24–17.34)	0.035	5.03 (1.12–22.59)	0.558	1.58 (0.34–7.32)
Perianal disease	0.410	0.43 (0.06–3.17)	NS		0.597	0.58 (0.08–4.32)	NS
Appendicectomy	0.654	1.20 (0.55–2.63)	NS		0.154	1.91 (0.78–4.64)	NS
Elevated ESR at diagnosis	0.896	0.96 (0.49–1.87)	NS		0.538	1.30 (0.57–2.98)	NS
CDAI at diagnosis	0.420	1.00 (1.00–1.01)	NS		0.142	1.00 (1.00–1.01)	NS
5-Aminosalicylic acid	≤0.001	0.10 (0.04–0.23)	0.024	0.40 (0.20–0.87)	≤0.001	0.05 (0.01–0.17)	0.027	0.33 (0.17–0.90)
Corticosteroid	≤0.001	0.13 (0.05–0.33)	0.130	0.42 (0.14–1.29)	0.001	0.15 (0.05–0.45)	0.520	0.66 (0.18–2.37)
Immunomodulators	≤0.001	0.11 (0.04–0.28)	0.030	0.29 (0.09–0.88)	≤0.001	0.06 (0.01–0.26)	0.089	0.22 (0.04–1.26)
Biologics	0.001	0.25 (0.11–0.57)	0.082	0.45 (0.18–1.11)	0.001	0.13 (0.04–0.45)	0.023	0.24 (0.07–0.82)

HR, hazard ratio; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; NA, not available; NS, bot significance (P > 0.10) in the univariate Cox regression; CDAI: Crohn's disease activity index.