Table 2.
SMA-MAP protein analytes.
| Putative biomarker | Key function(s) | Change in SMA infants* | Change in SMA mice (response to therapy?) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kolb (2016) | Arnold (2016) | Strathmann (2018) | ||
| Apolipoprotein B | Metabolic processes, cholesterol homeostasis | No | — | — |
| AXL receptor tyrosine kinase | Cellular functions (growth, migration, aggregation, anti-inflammation) | Decreased | No (No) | — |
| C-reactive protein | Complement activation, acute phase response | No | — | — |
| Cadherin-13 | Signal transduction, regulation of axonal growth | Decreased | — | — |
| Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein | Extracellular matrix organization, cartilage development, apoptosis | Decreased | Decreased (No) | Decreased (No) |
| Cathepsin D | Proteolysis | No | — | — |
| Chitinase-3-like protein 1 | Inflammation, tissue remodeling | Increased | No (No) | — |
| Complement component C1q receptor | Cell-cell adhesion, phagocytosis | Decreased | — | — |
| Complement factor H-related protein 1 | Complement activation | No | — | — |
| Dipeptidyl peptidase IV | Glucose and insulin metabolism, immune regulation | Decreased | Increased (Yes) | Decreased (No) |
| Endoglin | Vasculogenesis, cellular functions (adhesion, migration) | Decreased | — | — |
| Fetuin-A | Vascular calcification (inhibitor), anti-inflammation | No | Decreased (Yes) | No (No) |
| Fibulin-1C | Extracellular matrix organization, platelet adhesion | No | — | — |
| Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 | Cell proliferation | Decreased | — | — |
| Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 | Signal transduction, metabolic processes | Decreased | — | — |
| Leptin | Energy homeostasis, endocrine functions | No | — | — |
| Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 | Inflammatory response, monocyte and macrophage migration | No | — | — |
| Myoglobin | Oxygen transport | No | — | — |
| Osteopontin | Biomineral tissue development, inflammatory response | Decreased | Increased (Yes) | Decreased (No) |
| Peptidase D | Proteolysis, amino acid metabolism | Decreased | — | — |
| Placenta growth factor | Angiogenesis, cell proliferation | No | — | — |
| Serum amyloid P-component | Complement activation, chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly | No | — | — |
| Tenascin-X | Extracellular matrix maturation, collagen metabolism | Decreased | — | — |
| Tetranectin | Bone mineralization, ossification | Decreased | Increased (Yes) | No (No) |
| Thrombospondin-4 | Cell-cell interactions, signal transduction, behavioral response to pain | Decreased | — | — |
*
Excluding SMN2 > 2.