Figure 10.

Disengagement of M1 modulated by motor performance. A, The peak amplitude of M1 population average activity as a function of movement consistency. Different colors for different mice. For illustration purpose, inactivation effect for each animal was shown as mean ± SE across imaging sessions. The dependence of the activity amplitude on the movement consistency was estimated using a linear mixed-effect model similar to Figure 6A. The significant slope indicates that the amplitude is significantly modulated by the movement consistency (Table 1). B, The fraction of M1 neurons activated per trial during perimovement period as a function of movement consistency. The same illustration and statistical test as in A. C, The fraction of tuned neurons as a function of movement consistency. The same illustration and statistical test as in A. D, The activation reliability of tuned neurons as a function of movement consistency. The same illustration and statistical test as in A. E, The trial-to-trial population activity correlation as a function of movement consistency. The same illustration and statistical test as in A. F, G, The change of motor performance and movement consistency, M1 activity consistency, and M1 dependence over the course of long-term training proposed by Hwang et al. (2019a). The two-directional movements in the current study take different time courses of learning. Movements in the consistent direction (top) may correspond to the later phase of learning than movements in the variable direction (bottom).