Table 3.

Characteristics of Cigarette Smokers by Survey Wave and Country

	United Kingdom			Norway
	Wave			Wave
	1	2	3	1	2
Education
Low	2032	1271	859	720a	414b
%	32.6	35.0	35.6	43.2	50.9
Medium	1610	837	535	421a	104b
%	25.8	23.2	22.2	25.3	12.8
High	2396	1407	948	524a	295b
%	38.4	38.8	39.3	31.5	36.3
Don’t know or prefer not to say	195	114	70	0a	0b
%	3.1	3.1	2.9	0	0
Gender
Male	2889	1687	1153	749	356
%	46.4	46.5	47.8	45.0	43.8
Female	3344	1942	1259	916	457
%	53.7	53.5	52.2	55.0	56.2
Gross household income
Low	2840	1657	1058	627c	131d
%	45.6	45.7	43.9	37.7	16.1
Medium	1294	743	506	571c	224d
%	20.8	20.5	21.0	34.3	27.6
High	969	549	407	243c	126d
%	15.6	15.1	16.9	14.6	15.5
Don’t know or prefer not to answer	1130	680	441	224c	332d
%	18.1	18.7	18.3	13.5	40.8
Age group
16–24	650	132	57	51e	4f
%	10.4	3.6	2.4	3.1	0.5
25–39	1795	867	486	299e	114f
%	28.8	23.9	20.2	18.0	14.0
40–55	2053	1287	876	553e	257f
%	32.9	35.5	36.3	33.2	31.6
56 and over	1735	1343	992	762e	438f
%	27.8	37.0	41.1	45.8	53.9
Cigarettes per day
10 or fewer	3391	1850	1215	1008g	487h
%	54.4	51.0	50.4	60.5	59.9
11–20	2293	1441	947	555g	288h
%	36.8	39.7	39.3	33.3	35.4
21–30	435	268	208	49g	24h
%	7.0	7.4	8.6	2.9	3.0
31 or more	114	69	42	12g	7h
%	1.8	1.9	1.7	0.7	0.9
Missing	0	1	0	41g	7h
%	0	0.03	0	2.5	0.9
Total	6233	3629	2412	1665	813
%	100	58.2	38.7	100	48.8

^aW1 Norway vs. W1 United Kingdom, sig different chi square = 577.8921, p < .001.

^bW2 Norway vs. W2 United Kingdom, sig different chi square = 103.9543, p < .001.

^cW1 Norway vs. W1 United Kingdom, sig different chi square = 138.1678, p < .001.

^dW2 Norway vs. W2 United Kingdom, sig different chi square = 301.7732, p < .001.

^eW1 Norway vs. W1 United Kingdom, sig different chi square = 272.1966, p < .001.

^fW2 Norway vs. W2 United Kingdom, sig different chi square = 100.7198, p < .001.

^gW1 Norway vs. W1 United Kingdom, sig different chi square = 211.7629, p < .001.

^hW2 Norway vs. W2 United Kingdom, sig different chi square = 62.8587, p < .001.