Figure 3.

Illustration of HbA1c changes (ΔA1c) in relation to BMI level after the nonsurgical periodontal therapy from several clinical studies. The BMI level of participants was either reported or inferred from different clinical trials. Each symbol represents a clinical study indicated in the reference. A trend line indicates that an increase in baseline BMI was associated with a diminished HbA1c improvement after the periodontal therapy. Abbreviation: HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c. *HbA1c was significantly lower after than before the periodontal treatment. The follow up period of those studies was ranging from 1 month to 1 year.