Table 2.
Multivariable hazard ratios (95% CI) of incident diabetes by PPC-Stages in ARIC (January 1996-December 2018)
| PPC-Stage I health/incidental | PPC-Stage II mild | PPC-Stage III moderate | PPC-Stage IV severe | PPC-Stage V high GI/mild TL | PPC-Stage VI reduced periodontium/Mod TL | PPC-Stage VII severe TL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 1612 | 887 | 863 | 366 | 513 | 648 | 680 |
| Diabetes (n) | 339 | 206 | 180 | 106 | 130 | 163 | 224 |
| Person-years | 27 856 | 14 560 | 14 016 | 5324 | 8041 | 9902 | 9757 |
| Incidence rate/100 years (95% CI) | 1.22 (1.09-1.34) | 1.41 (1.22-1.61) | 1.28 (1.10-1.47) | 1.99 (1.62-2.37) | 1.62 (1.34-1.89) | 1.65 (1.40-1.90) | 2.30 (2.00-2.59) |
| M1a | Ref | 1.18 (0.99-1.40) | 1.06 (0.89-1.27) | 1.70 (1.37-2.11) | 1.34 (1.09-1.64) | 1.37 (1.14-1.65) | 1.91 (1.61-2.26) |
| M2b | Ref | 1.09 (0.92-1.29) | 1.00 (0.83-1.20) | 1.39 (1.11-1.73) | 1.12 (0.92-1.38) | 1.23 (1.02-1.48) | 1.59 (1.34-1.89) |
| M3c | Ref | 0.96 (0.80-1.14) | 0.93 (0.77-1.12) | 1.10 (0.86-1.40) | 0.88 (0.69-1.12) | 1.02 (0.84-1.24) | 1.25 (1.03-1.51) |
Bold type indicates a statistically significant HR.
Abbreviations: GI, gingival inflammation index; PPC, periodontal profile class; Ref, reference; TL, tooth loss.
a Model 1: unadjusted subdistribution model (PPC-Stage Type III; P-value < 0.0001).
b Model 2: adjusted for BMI (PPC-Stage Type III; P-value < 0.0001).
c Model 3: fully adjusted model for all demographic parameters, health parameter, and education level. (PPC-Stage Type III; P = 0.03 with 6 degree of freedom)