PS1 EVs increase tau phosphorylation at T231 in the naïve mouse brain. A) PBS, NDC EV (NDC) and PS1 EV (PS1) treated hippocampi were dissected out and processed for WB. Lysates were probed with antibodies that recognize tau phosphorylated at T231, total tau (Tau5) and β-actin. B) Data is mean phosphotau/total tau ratios and total tau/actin ratio expressed as a percent of the PBS treated group ± SEM. Data was analyzed with a 1-way ANOVA, Tukey’s post-hoc test. *p < 0.05. N = 3–4 mice/group. C) Sagittal hippocampal slices from PBS, NDC EV (NDC), and PS1 EV (PS1) treated mice were immunolabeled with pTau T231 antibodies (in red) and counterstained with Gill’s hematoxylin (purple). Images are 10X magnified view of the CA1 field. Scale bar = 200 μm.