TABLE 2.
Summary of study participantse
| Parameter | TB-positivea patients (South Africa) | TB-negative controls (South Africa) | Healthy controls (USA) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total (no.) | 49 | 10 | 14 |
| Female (no. [%]) | 22 (44.9%) | 8 (80.0%) | 5 (35.7%) |
| Male (no. [%]) | 27 (55.1%) | 2 (20.0%) | 9 (64.3%) |
| Age, median yrs (IQR) | 38 (31–48) | 32 (30.25–37.25) | 26.5 (24–28.75) |
| Height, median m (IQR) | 1.68 (1.65–1.70) | 1.60 (1.59–1.68) | NA |
| Weight, median kg (IQR) | 55 (48–63) | 57 (52–70) | NA |
| HIV status (no. [%]) | |||
| HIV-positive | 34 (69.4%) | 10 (100.0%) | NA |
| HIV-negative | 15 (30.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | NA |
| CD4+ T-cell count median cells/mm3b (IQR) | 85 (42–345) | 318 (257–746) | NA |
| History of prior TB (no. [%]) | |||
| No | 32 (65.3%) | 6 (60.0%) | 14 (100.0%) |
| Yes | 17 (34.7%) | 4 (40.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| TB treatment status (no. [%]) | |||
| Treatment-naïve | 36 (73.5%) | NA | NA |
| Some treatmentc | 13 (26.5%) | NA | NA |
| TB culture result (no. [%]) | |||
| Culture-positive | 34 (69.4%) | 0 | NA |
| Culture-negative | 8 (16.3%) | 9 (90.0%) | NA |
| No culture result | 7 (14.3%) | 1 (10.0%) | NA |
| Days to culture positivityd (median [IQR]) | 13.5 (8.0–17.0) | NA | NA |
| AFB smear result (no. [%]) | |||
| Smear-positive | 19 (38.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | NA |
| Smear-negative | 25 (51.0%) | 5 (50.0%) | NA |
| No smear result | 5 (10.2%) | 5 (50.0%) | NA |
| Alere urine LAM result (no. [%]) | |||
| LAM-positive | 15 (30.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | NA |
| LAM-negative | 34 (69.4%) | 10 (100.0%) | NA |
a
TB-positive patients were defined as those with a positive Xpert MTB/RIF result and the presence of one or more TB symptoms.
b
CD4 count was measured for HIV-positive patients only.
c
All participants had ≤72 h of treatment.
d
For mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) culture only.
e
TB, tuberculosis; AFB, acid-fast bacilli; LAM, lipoarabinomannan; NA, not applicable.