Table 2.
Association of HIV and obesity group with elevated biomarkers.
| I-FABPb OR (95% CI) | sCD14b OR (95% CI) | sCD163b OR (95% CI) | TNF-αc OR (95% CI) | IL-6c OR (95% CI) | IL-1βc OR (95% CI) | hsCRPc OR (95% CI) | |
| Stratified by HIV and obesity status | |||||||
| Unadjusted | |||||||
| HIV-negative, nonobese | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| HIV-positive, nonobese | 2.90 (1.74–4.82) | 7.73 (4.15–13.92) | 1.73 (1.11–3.31) | 1.96 (1.61–4.50) | 1.87 (1.17–2.99) | 1.62 (0.96–2.71) | 1.44 (0.93–2.23) |
| HIV-negative, obese | 0.40 (0.18–0.89) | 0.76 (0.29–1.79) | 0.77 (0.30–1.77) | 0.74 (0.36–1.53) | 0.94 (0.53–1.70) | 1.50 (0.82–2.74) | 3.37 (2.04–5.58) |
| HIV-positive, obese | 2.10 (1.14–3.88) | 5.79 (2.86–11.06) | 2.27 (1.08–4.76) | 1.90 (0.97- 3.51) | 1.77 (0.99–3.18) | 1.61 (0.85–3.06) | 3.58 (2.07–6.19) |
| Fully adjusteda | |||||||
| HIV-negative, nonobese | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| HIV-positive, nonobese | 2.58 (1.52–4.36) | 7.57 (4.05–14.12) | 1.93 (1.01–3.82) | 2.45 (1.45–4.14) | 1.95 (1.19–3.13) | 1.98 (1.15–3.43) | 1.26 (0.80–2.01) |
| HIV-negative, obese | 0.37 (0.15–0.84) | 0.76 (0.30–1.92) | 0.65 (0.26–1.63) | 1.35 (0.64–2.82) | 1.25 (0.63–2.46) | 3.47 (1.71–7.08) | 2.13 (1.58–5.07) |
| HIV-positive, obese | 1.80 (0.92–3.49) | 5.73 (2.62–11.65) | 2.18 (1.07–4.90) | 2.86 (1.35–6.06) | 2.70 (1.35–5.39) | 4.06 (2.02–8.77) | 2.99 (1.59–5.62) |
| Fully adjusted and BMI | |||||||
| HIV-negative, nonobese | |||||||
| HIV-positive, nonobese | 2.51 (1.39–4.09) | 7.43 (3.86–13.89) | 1.81 (1.02–6.10) | 2.66 (1.53–5.13) | 2.24 (1.25–4.04) | 1.89 (1.01–3.56) | 1.61 (0.94–2.77) |
| HIV-negative, obese | 0.47 (0.19–1.16) | 1.06 (0.38–2.97) | 0.78 (0.27–2.22) | 1.60 (0.65–3.95) | 1.62 (0.67–3.44) | 4.35 (1.83–9.84) | 2.21 (1.11–4.40) |
| HIV-positive, obese | 1.94 (0.99–4.21) | 6.58 (3.17–13.72) | 2.45 (1.38–5.10) | 3.91 (1.62–9.46) | 3.01 (1.37–6.54) | 4.37 (1.78–9.17) | 2.31 (1.11–4.79) |
Obesity is defined as waist circumference of ≥80 cm for women and ≥94 cm for men.
hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; I-FABP, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein; IL-1β, interleukin 1beta; IL-6, interleukin 6; sCD14, cluster of differentiation 14; sCD163, cluster of differentiation 163; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor alpha.
a
Fully adjusted for age, sex, HDL, triglycerides, LDL, hypertension and alcohol use status.
b
n = 541.
c
n = 564.