Table 2.
Characteristics (median/%) of women included in the combined analysis of the association between dietary indices and postmenopausal breast cancer risk.
| Cohort studies | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FMCF | Health 2000 | HBCS | FINRISK 2007 | FINRISK 2012 | |
| Age, years (SD) | 57 (5.9) | 63 (10.9) | 60 (3.1) | 61 (6.9) | 62 (6.8) |
| High educationa, % | 3 | 35 | 32 | 36 | 34 |
| Current smoker, % | 8 | 13 | 21 | 12 | 13 |
| Height, cm (SD) | 158 (5.7) | 160 (6.4) | 163 (5.8) | 161 (5.9) | 162 (5.9) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 (SD) | 26.7 (4.4) | 27.4 (4.9) | 26.9 (5.0) | 26.6 (5.2) | 26.9 (5.3) |
| Leisure time exerciseb, % | 5 | 11 | 24 | 19 | 25 |
| Parity, % | 84 | 88 | 87 | 87 | 86 |
| Hormone replacement therapy, ever% | 0c | 47 | 69 | 27 | 26 |
| mNordic Dietary Index, points (SD) | 11 (3.1) | 12 (3.6) | 11 (3.7) | 12 (3.7) | 13 (3.5) |
| mMediterranean Dietary Index, points (SD) | 4 (1.5) | 4 (1.8) | 4 (1.9) | 5 (1.8) | 5 (1.9) |
| mAlternative Healthy Eating Index, points (SD) | 21 (4.1) | 22 (4.8) | 21 (4.9) | 22 (4.7) | 23 (4.9) |
aThe total number of school years was divided into birth cohort specific tertiles with an exception of the Finnish Mobile Clinic Follow-up Survey where ‘highest education’ included those with more than upper secondary education.
bActive, ≥ 3 times per week.
cHormone replacement therapy was not asked in Finnish Mobile Clinic Follow-up Survey. It was assessed to be ‘not used’ for all women as the treatment was rare in Finland in the 1970s45.