Table 3.
Hazard ratios (HR) and confidence intervals (95% CI) of postmenopausal breast cancer by quintiles of dietary indices.
| Quintile 1 | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3 | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5 | Ptrendc | Pbetween-studies heterogeneityd | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mNordic Dietary Index | |||||||
| Index points, median (SD) | 7 (1.5) | 10 (0.7) | 12 (0.7) | 14 (0.7) | 17 (1.4) | ||
| Breast cancer cases, n | 56 | 54 | 57 | 62 | 45 | ||
| Age-adjusted | 1.00 | 0.97 (0.67–1.41) | 1.03 (0.71–1.49) | 1.08 (0.75–1.55) | 0.76 (0.51–1.13) | 0.35 | 0.15 |
| Multivariablea | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.65–1.38) | 1.03 (0.71–1.49) | 1.05 (0.72–1.51) | 0.67 (0.48–1.01) | 0.18 | 0.14 |
| Multivariableb | 1.00 | 1.19 (0.78–1.82) | 1.17 (0.76–1.79) | 1.18 (0.77–1.80) | 0.83 (0.52–1.33) | 0.50 | 0.31 |
| mMediterranean Dietary Index | |||||||
| Index points, median (SD) | 2 (0.7) | 3 (0.5) | 4 (0.5) | 5 (0.5) | 7 (0.8) | ||
| Breast cancer cases, n | 59 | 56 | 47 | 50 | 62 | ||
| Age-adjusted | 1.00 | 0.94 (0.65–1.35) | 0.77 (0.52–1.12) | 0.82 (0.56–1.20) | 1.03 (0.72–1.47) | 0.88 | 0.29 |
| Multivariablea | 1.00 | 0.89 (0.61–1.28) | 0.72 (0.49–1.07) | 0.69 (0.46–1.02) | 0.88 (0.59–1.30) | 0.27 | 0.24 |
| Multivariableb | 1.00 | 0.91 (0.61–1.36) | 0.63 (0.40–0.99) | 0.69 (0.45–1.06) | 0.87 (0.56–1.34) | 0.27 | 0.23 |
| mAlternative Healthy Eating Index | |||||||
| Index points, median (SD) | 16 (1.9) | 19 (0.9) | 22 (0.8) | 25 (0.9) | 28 (2.0) | ||
| Breast cancer cases, n | 54 | 58 | 57 | 52 | 53 | ||
| Age-adjusted | 1.00 | 1.01 (0.70–1.47) | 1.05 (0.72–1.52) | 0.95 (0.65–1.39) | 0.96 (0.65–1.40) | 0.73 | 0.31 |
| Multivariablea | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.71–1.49) | 1.00 (0.69–1.46) | 0.93 (0.63–1.38) | 0.89 (0.60–1.32) | 0.47 | 0.29 |
| Multivariableb | 1.00 | 1.17 (0.76–1.78) | 1.21 (0.79–1.85) | 0.99 (0.63–1.55) | 1.03 (0.66–1.61) | 0.80 | 0.21 |
aMultivariable model was adjusted for age (years), education (tertiles by birth year), smoking (never, former, current smokers), height (cm, continuous), body mass index (kg/m2, continuous), leisure time exercise (passive, somewhat active, active), parity (never, ever), hormone replacement therapy (never, ever), energy intake (kJ/day, continuous) and cohort.
bExcluding cases diagnosed during the first two years of follow-up: Finnish Mobile Clinic Follow-up Survey (n = 5), Health 2000 (n = 19), Helsinki Birth Cohort (n = 8), FINRISK 2007 (n = 8) and FINRISK 2012 (n = 13).
cPtrend value, two-sided test calculated using a continuous variable based on the median in each quintile.
dMultivariable modela excluding ‘cohort’ as a confounding factor.