Figure 6.

Memory function in a novel social defeat stress (SDS) rat model. (a) Experimental schedule for the fear-conditioning test. (b–f) Fear-conditioning test at 1 month after the last SDS (Days 44–46). Arrows indicate a 2 s period of delivery of 0.3 mA current. On Day 1, no group differences were found in the total distance moved (b) or the total freezing during tones 1 (c) or 2 (d). Contextual recall memory test on Day 2 (e). Recall impairment was found in the stressed rats, which was recovered by imipramine (IMI) treatment. *p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. Cued recall memory test on Day 3 (f). n = 5–6/group.