TABLE 2.
Demographic, clinical data, and CSF biomarkers in dementia and control groups.
| HC (n = 18) | EOAD (n = 30) | FTD (n = 14) | p | |
| Age (mean, range) | 54 (44–64) | 55 (41–64) | 57 (47–64) | p = 0.112 |
| Gender (M:F) | 10:8 | 11:19 | 8:6 | p = 0.476 |
| Disease course (mean, range, /y) | – | 3.4 (0.25–13) | 3.1 (0.75–6) | PAD–FTD = 0.603 |
| AChEI | – | 16 (53.3%) | 5 (35.7%) | PAD–FTD = 0.342 |
| MMSE (mean, range | – | 12 (1–25, n = 29) | 19 (6–27, n = 9) | PAD–FTD = 0.010 |
| MoCA (mean, range) | – | 13 (8–21, n = 7) | 17 (12–19, n = 6) | PAD–FTD = 0.234 |
| ADL (mean, range) | – | 33 (20–50, n = 10) | 25 (0–39, n = 6) | PAD–FTD = 0.313 |
| CSF biomarkers (pg/ml, mean, range) | – | n = 8 | n = 8 | |
| Aβ42 | 420 (281–550) | 658 (287–870) | PAD–FTD = 0.065 | |
| T-tau | 445 (94–1573) | 261 (117–587) | PAD–FTD = 0.505 | |
| P-tau | 69.2 (40.9–122) | 47.3 (26.7–71) | PAD–FTD = 0.13 | |
| T-tau/Aβ42 | 1.18 (0.20–4.59) | 0.46 (0.15–1.09) | PAD–FTD = 0.083 | |
| P-tau/Aβ42 | 0.18 (0.11–0.36) | 0.09 (0.03–0.20) | PAD–FTD = 0.028 | |
| APOE ε4 | – | PAD–FTD = 0.782 | ||
| 0 | 7/11 (63.6%) | 4/7 (57.1%) | ||
| 1 | 3/11 (27.3%) | 3/7 (42.9%) | ||
| 2 | 1/11 (9.1%) | 0 | ||
| Visual EEG score | PAD–FTD = 0.304 | |||
| 0 | 24 (100%) | 13 (43.3%) | 8 (57.1%) | |
| 1 | 3 (10.0%) | 2 (14.3%) | ||
| 2 | 14 (46.7%) | 4 (28.6%) | ||
| 3 | 0 | 0 |
HC, healthy controls; EOAD, early-onset Alzheimer disease; FTD, frontotemporal dementia.