Table 2.
Study population characteristics (N = 40 631)
| Participant characteristics | N (%) |
|---|---|
| Age in years | |
| Mean (SD) | 57.5 (10.5) |
| Missing values | 0 (0.0) |
| Gender | |
| Male | 23 242 (57.20) |
| Female | 17 389 (42.80) |
| Missing values | 0 (0.0) |
| Ethnicity | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 28 040 (69.01) |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 9264 (22.80) |
| Missing values | 3327 (8.19) |
| Race | |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 135 (0.33) |
| Asian or Asian American | 2626 (6.46) |
| Black or African American | 3324 (8.18) |
| More than one race | 17 612 (43.35) |
| Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 81 (0.20) |
| White | 4269 (10.51) |
| Missing values | 12 584 (30.97) |
| Marital status | |
| Single | 13 940 (34.31) |
| Married | 13 807 (33.98) |
| Divorced | 1397 (3.44) |
| Widowed | 1407 (3.46) |
| Separated | 861 (2.12) |
| Missing values | 9219 (22.69) |
| Insurance provider | |
| Medicaid | 24 117 (59.36) |
| Medicare | 4274 10.52) |
| Private | 5569 (13.71) |
| Self-pay | 4887 (12.03) |
| CHAMPUS | 1 (0.00) |
| Other | 98 (0.24) |
| Missing values | 1685 (4.15) |
| Diagnosis of retinopathy | |
| Yes | 12 633 (31.09) |
| No | 27 998 (68.91) |
| Missing values | 0 (0.0) |