Table 3.
Compounds contained in the rice spirit distillery wastewater identified with four different confidence levels by HR-MS (the top 100 most abundant compounds based on peak area).
| No. | Name | Formula | Molecular Weight | RT [min] | Area | Identification confidence levels |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lactic acid | C3 H6 O3 | 90.03169 | 1.58 | 3E+10 | 1 |
| 2 | Phenyllactic acid | C9H10O3 | 166.063 | 8.53 | 4E+09 | 1 |
| 3 | Succinic acid | C4 H6 O4 | 118.0266 | 2.85 | 1E+09 | 1 |
| 4 | Citraconic acid | C5 H6 O4 | 84.01995 | 1.85 | 1E+09 | 2 |
| 5 | L-Norleucine | C6 H13 N O2 | 131.0946 | 2.98 | 3E+08 | 3 |
| 6 | Cinnamic acid | C9H8O2 | 148.0524 | 8.53 | 2E+08 | 1 |
| 7 | Gluconic acid | C6 H12 O7 | 150.052 | 1.03 | 2E+08 | 2 |
| 8 | L-Phenylalanine | C9 H11 N O2 | 165.0789 | 5.39 | 2E+08 | 1 |
| 9 | Acetophenone | C8 H8 O | 120.0575 | 4.26 | 9E+07 | 1 |
| 10 | 6-Hydroxycaproic acid | C6 H12 O3 | 86.07209 | 8.16 | 7E+07 | 2 |
| 11 | D(+)-Phenyllactic acid | C9 H10 O3 | 120.0568 | 8.56 | 6E+07 | 2 |
| 12 | Υ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) | C4 H9 N O2 | 103.0635 | 1.11 | 6E+07 | 2 |
| 13 | L-Leucine | C6 H13 N O2 | 131.0946 | 2.78 | 6E+07 | 3 |
| 14 | 2-Hydroxycinnamic acid | C9 H8 O3 | 164.0473 | 4.24 | 5E+07 | 4 |
| 15 | Adenine | C5 H5 N5 | 135.0544 | 2.26 | 5E+07 | 2 |
| 16 | DL-4-Hydroxyphenyllactic acid | C9 H10 O4 | 182.0574 | 7.07 | 4E+07 | 4 |
| 17 | trans-3-Indoleacrylic acid | C11 H9 N O2 | 187.0631 | 7.22 | 4E+07 | 2 |
| 18 | D-(+)-Proline | C5 H9 N O2 | 115.0634 | 1.16 | 3E+07 | 1 |
| 19 | D-(+)-Pyroglutamic Acid | C5 H7 N O3 | 129.0426 | 2.34 | 3E+07 | 2 |
| 20 | Guanine | C5 H5 N5 O | 151.0493 | 2.28 | 3E+07 | 2 |
| 21 | Methylmalonic acid | C4 H6 O4 | 118.0255 | 2.89 | 3E+07 | 2 |
| 22 | 2-Isopropylmalic acid | C7 H12 O5 | 116.0467 | 7.42 | 2E+07 | 4 |
| 23 | D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid | C5 H8 O5 | 148.0363 | 1.99 | 2E+07 | 4 |
| 24 | Cyclo(leucylprolyl) | C11 H18 N2 O2 | 210.1365 | 8.42 | 1E+07 | 2 |
| 25 | Dimethyl succinate | C6 H10 O4 | 146.0579 | 7.42 | 1E+07 | 4 |
| 26 | Piceatannol | C14 H12 O4 | 244.0706 | 10.94 | 1E+07 | 2 |
| 27 | Glycyl-L-leucine | C8 H16 N2 O3 | 188.1159 | 6.11 | 1E+07 | 2 |
| 28 | L-(+)-Arginine | C6 H14 N4 O2 | 174.1114 | 1.04 | 1E+07 | 4 |
| 29 | Spermidine | C7 H19 N3 | 128.1311 | 0.92 | 1E+07 | 4 |
| 30 | L-(+)-Citrulline | C6 H13 N3 O3 | 158.0688 | 1.10 | 1E+07 | 2 |
| 31 | Cyclo(phenylalanyl-prolyl) | C14 H16 N2 O2 | 244.1209 | 8.90 | 1E+07 | 2 |
| 32 | Prolylleucine | C11 H20 N2 O3 | 456.2942 | 6.59 | 9E+06 | 2 |
| 33 | Cytosine | C4 H5 N3 O | 111.0433 | 1.25 | 9E+06 | 1 |
| 34 | DL-Lysine | C6 H14 N2 O2 | 146.1053 | 1.76 | 9E+06 | 2 |
| 35 | DL-Arginine | C6 H14 N4 O2 | 174.1114 | 1.57 | 9E+06 | 2 |
| 36 | (15Z)-9,12,13-Trihydroxy-15-octadecenoic acid | C18 H34 O5 | 330.241 | 11.56 | 8E+06 | 2 |
| 37 | 2-Hydroxyvaleric acid | C5 H10 O3 | 72.0564 | 6.08 | 8E+06 | 4 |
| 38 | Imidazolelactic acid | C6 H8 N2 O3 | 156.0531 | 1.33 | 7E+06 | 2 |
| 39 | Valylproline | C10 H18 N2 O3 | 214.1315 | 4.02 | 6E+06 | 4 |
| 40 | Hypoxanthine | C5 H4 N4 O | 136.0382 | 3.03 | 6E+06 | 2 |
| 41 | Ethyl oleate | C20 H38 O2 | 310.2865 | 14.57 | 6E+06 | 2 |
| 42 | Indole-3-lactic acid | C11 H11 N O3 | 205.0737 | 8.81 | 6E+06 | 2 |
| 43 | Histamine | C5 H9 N3 | 111.0797 | 0.98 | 6E+06 | 2 |
| 44 | DL-Homoserine | C4 H9 N O3 | 87.032 | 1.05 | 5E+06 | 4 |
| 45 | 3-Methylcrotonylglycine | C7 H11 N O3 | 157.0736 | 5.70 | 5E+06 | 4 |
| 46 | L(-)-Pipecolinic acid | C6 H11 N O2 | 129.0788 | 1.59 | 4E+06 | 2 |
| 47 | D-(-)-Mannitol | C6 H14 O6 | 182.0783 | 1.04 | 4E+06 | 2 |
| 48 | Caffeine | C8 H10 N4 O2 | 194.0802 | 7.89 | 4E+06 | 1 |
| 49 | trans-Cinnamic acid | C9 H8 O2 | 148.0515 | 8.55 | 4E+06 | 4 |
| 50 | L-Histidine | C6 H9 N3 O2 | 155.0691 | 1.00 | 4E+06 | 2 |
| 51 | Trigonelline | C7 H7 N O2 | 137.0475 | 1.20 | 4E+06 | 2 |
| 52 | L(+)-Ornithine | C5 H12 N2 O2 | 132.0897 | 0.98 | 4E+06 | 4 |
| 53 | Daidzein | C15 H10 O4 | 254.0577 | 10.32 | 4E+06 | 2 |
| 54 | D(+)-Phenyllactic acid | C9 H10 O3 | 166.0622 | 8.71 | 3E+06 | 2 |
| 55 | (2R)-2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid | C3 H6 O4 | 106.0254 | 1.15 | 3E+06 | 4 |
| 56 | α,α-Trehalose | C12 H22 O11 | 342.1163 | 1.09 | 3E+06 | 4 |
| 57 | 3-(2-Hydroxyethyl)indole | C10 H11 N O | 129.0578 | 9.22 | 3E+06 | 2 |
| 58 | Acetylcholine | C7 H15 N O2 | 145.11 | 1.49 | 3E+06 | 2 |
| 59 | DL-Malic acid | C4 H6 O5 | 134.0204 | 1.40 | 3E+06 | 2 |
| 60 | N-Acetylalanine | C5 H9 N O3 | 131.0575 | 2.98 | 3E+06 | 4 |
| 61 | 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid | C5 H10 O3 S | 150.0342 | 6.28 | 3E+06 | 2 |
| 62 | Uracil | C4 H4 N2 O2 | 112.0273 | 1.90 | 3E+06 | 2 |
| 63 | D-(-)-Quinic acid | C7 H12 O6 | 192.0627 | 1.16 | 3E+06 | 2 |
| 64 | Carnosine | C9 H14 N4 O3 | 226.1063 | 2.75 | 3E+06 | 2 |
| 65 | Crotetamide | C12 H22 N2 O2 | 226.1678 | 10.15 | 3E+06 | 4 |
| 66 | Uric acid | C5 H4 N4 O3 | 168.0278 | 3.06 | 2E+06 | 2 |
| 67 | Acetylarginine | C8 H16 N4 O3 | 216.122 | 2.16 | 2E+06 | 2 |
| 68 | L-(+)-Arginine | C6 H14 N4 O2 | 174.1114 | 1.26 | 2E+06 | 4 |
| 69 | L-Ergothioneine | C9 H15 N3 O2 S | 229.088 | 1.37 | 2E+06 | 4 |
| 70 | Spermine | C10 H26 N4 | 202.2156 | 0.90 | 2E+06 | 2 |
| 71 | N3,N4-Dimethyl-L-arginine | C8 H18 N4 O2 | 202.1426 | 1.63 | 2E+06 | 4 |
| 72 | Nicotinic acid | C6 H5 N O2 | 123.032 | 1.94 | 2E+06 | 2 |
| 73 | 3-Ureidopropionic acid | C4 H8 N2 O3 | 132.0525 | 1.01 | 2E+06 | 2 |
| 74 | 2-Aminooctanedioic acid | C8 H15 N O4 | 143.0941 | 5.38 | 2E+06 | 4 |
| 75 | Prolylglycine | C7 H12 N2 O3 | 172.0845 | 1.47 | 2E+06 | 2 |
| 76 | 9-Oxo-10(E),12(E)-octadecadienoic acid | C18 H30 O3 | 312.2296 | 11.56 | 2E+06 | 2 |
| 77 | β-D-Glucopyranuronic acid | C6 H10 O7 | 194.0419 | 1.06 | 2E+06 | 4 |
| 78 | 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde | C6 H6 O3 | 126.0317 | 5.49 | 2E+06 | 2 |
| 79 | Genistein | C15 H10 O5 | 270.0527 | 10.94 | 1E+06 | 2 |
| 80 | Gallic acid | C7 H6 O5 | 170.0208 | 5.07 | 1E+06 | 2 |
| 81 | 2-Hydroxyvaleric acid | C5 H10 O3 | 118.0619 | 6.24 | 1E+06 | 4 |
| 82 | 2-(Acetylamino)hexanoic acid | C8 H15 N O3 | 173.1047 | 8.31 | 1E+06 | 2 |
| 83 | 7-Methylguanine | C6 H7 N5 O | 165.0649 | 3.73 | 1E+06 | 2 |
| 84 | 2-Aminoadipic acid | C6 H11 N O4 | 161.0683 | 4.50 | 1E+06 | 4 |
| 85 | Syringic acid | C9 H10 O5 | 198.0523 | 8.34 | 1E+06 | 4 |
| 86 | Prolinamide | C5 H10 N2 O | 97.05283 | 1.13 | 9E+05 | 2 |
| 87 | Thymine | C5 H6 N2 O2 | 126.043 | 4.40 | 8E+05 | 4 |
| 88 | N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine | C11 H13 N O3 | 207.0893 | 8.64 | 8E+05 | 4 |
| 89 | Ethyl palmitoleate | C18 H34 O2 | 282.2554 | 13.82 | 8E+05 | 2 |
| 90 | 3-Isopropylmalic acid | C7 H12 O5 | 176.0676 | 1.39 | 7E+05 | 4 |
| 91 | Pseudouridine | C9 H12 N2 O6 | 244.0693 | 1.98 | 7E+05 | 2 |
| 92 | Hydrolyzed fumonisin B1 | C22 H47 N O5 | 405.3446 | 17.48 | 6E+05 | 4 |
| 93 | Corchorifatty acid F | C18 H32 O5 | 328.2254 | 11.50 | 6E+05 | 2 |
| 94 | Methylsuccinic acid | C5 H8 O4 | 132.0412 | 5.66 | 5E+05 | 2 |
| 95 | D-(+)-Maltose | C12 H22 O11 | 364.0973 | 1.09 | 5E+05 | 2 |
| 96 | N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine | C11 H13 N O4 | 223.0843 | 7.16 | 4E+05 | 4 |
| 97 | Suberic acid | C8 H14 O4 | 174.0885 | 8.88 | 4E+05 | 2 |
| 98 | (2R)-2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid | C3 H6 O4 | 106.0255 | 19.99 | 4E+05 | 4 |
| 99 | Citroflex 4 | C18 H32 O7 | 360.2141 | 13.33 | 3E+05 | 2 |
| 100 | Glutaric acid | C5 H8 O4 | 132.0413 | 5.02 | 3E+05 | 2 |