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. 2021 Mar 15;162(9):2346–2348. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002245

Table 1.

New IASP diagnostic criteria for complex regional pain syndrome (“Budapest criteria”2) (A–D must apply).

A. The patient has continuing pain which is disproportionate to any inciting event
B. The patient reports at least one symptom in 3 or more of the categories
C. The patient displays at least one sign in 2 or more of the categories
D. No other diagnosis can better explain the signs and symptoms



Category Symptom (the patient reports a problem) Sign (you can see or feel a problem on examination)
1 “Sensory” Allodynia (to light touch/brush stoke and/or temperature sensation and/or deep somatic pressure and/or joint movement), and/or hyperalgesia (to pinprick) Reported hyperesthesia also qualifies as a symptom
2 “Vasomotor” Temperature asymmetry and/or skin colour changes and/or skin colour asymmetry
3 “Sudomotor/oedema” Oedema and/or sweating changes and/or sweating asymmetry
4 “Motor/trophic” Decreased range of motion and/or motor dysfunction (weakness, tremor, dystonia) and/or trophic changes (hair/nail/skin)