Table 7.
Comparisons of studies assessing corneal endothelial functions in patients with T2DM with our study
| Parameters Studies | El-gamy et al.[30] (2017) | Storr - Paulsen et al.[25] (2013) | Choo et al.[31] (2010) | Sudhir et al.[18] (2012) | Inoue et al.[26] (2002) | Durukan et al.[20] (2019) | Toprack et al.[21] (2019) | Our study | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| Demography | |||||||||
| Number of patients cases/control | 57/54 | 107/128 | 100/100 | 1191/120 | 129/1265 | 120/112 | 100/92 | 131/131 | |
| Nature of study | Clinic based | Clinic based | Clinic based | Population based | Clinic based | Clinic based | Clinic based | Clinic based | |
| Gender (male: Female) in cases | 27/30 | 51/56 | - | 637/554 | - | 67/53 | 41/59 | 62/69 | |
| Mean age±standard deviation (in years) | 57.08±8.37 | 72.1±11 | Patients above 50 years were included | 54.8±9.5 | 67.8±8.1 | 59.5±8.1 | 53.3±10.4 | 53.26±6.24 | |
| Duration of diabetes | 12.87±8.03 | - | - | - | - | 11.5±6.2 | 9±5.6 | 7.29±6.00 | |
| Mean HbA1C | 8.57% ± 2.09 | 7.3±0.2 | - | - | - | 9.2±11.5 | 7.1±1.2 | 6.97±0.99 | |
|
| |||||||||
| Corneal endothelial measures | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| ECD (cell/µm) | Case | 2,491.98±261.08 | 2578±77 | 2541.6±516.4 | 2550.96±326.17 | 2.565±271 | 2,295±311 | 2,413.4±296.8 | 2762.08±320.21 |
| Control | 2,629.68±293.45 | 2605±66 | 2660.1±515.5 | 2634.44±256.00 | 2.540±252 | 2,501±302 | 2,454.8±303.4 | 2771.46±336.7 | |
| P | 0.014 | 0.60 | <0.01 | 0.001 | 0.24 | 0.003 | 0.341 | 0.818 | |
| HEX (%) | Case | 33.24±10.25 | 58.0±1.0 | 41.1% ± 19.6% | 56.57±7.26 | 37.4±7.5% | 49.1±10.2 | 69.2±6.4 | 55.34±5.82 |
| Control | 34.24% ± 8.73% | 58.5±1.1 | 45.2±20.6. | 57.08±6.80 | 38.0±7.0% | 55.2±10.0 | 69.1±6.1 | 56.94.± 7.00 | |
| P | 0.603 | 0.67 | <0.01 | 0.437 | 0.34 | 0.04 | 0.944 | 0.145 | |
| CV | Case | 0.41±0.07 | 31.9±1.0 | 67.2±47.2 | 35.56±5.00 | 0.64±0.11 | 36.0±6.2 | 30.8±6.2 | 31.60±3.51 |
| Control | 0.37±0.08 | 31.9±0.9 | 58.2±43.0 | 34.97±5.03 | 0.64±0.10 | 36.0±6.2 | 30.2±5.3 | 30.85±6.68 | |
| P | 0.008 | 0.9 | <0.01 | 0.720 | 0.74. | 0.344 | 0.522 | 0.256 | |
| CCT (/µm) | Case | 545.61±30.39 µm) | 538±7 | 517.3±53.4 | 524.75±34.52 | - | 544.2±38.0 | 541.3±55.5 | 514.54±38.17 |
| Control | 539.42±29.22 µm), | 546±5 | 510.8±71.9, | 526.06±33.38 | - | 521.5±31.5 | 535.9±34.8 | 511.65±32.64 | |
| P | 0.301 | <0.05 | 0.149 | 0.685 | - | 0.005 | 0.421 | 0.510 | |
|
| |||||||||
| Associations and correlations | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Correlations of endothelial parameters with clinical parameters (duration of DM, HbA1C, diabetic retinopathy,) | No correlation | - | No correlation | Age and diabetes status correlated with ECD | Age correlated with ECD, CV, HEX. | DR correlated with endothelial changes. The corneal endothelial changes were more prominent in eyes with increased stage of DR | Significant associations between HbA1c((≤ 7 per cent versus > 7 per cent) versus HEX | HbA1c correlated with ECD, CV, CCT. | |
| ACR with HEX | |||||||||