Table 1.
Background characteristics of the three cohorts according to delirium status
| 1. Cognitively normal | 2. Medical delirium | Hip fracture |
P
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3. All | 4. No delirium | 5. Delirium | Group | Group | Group | Group | |||
| 1–3 | 2 vs 5 | 4 vs 5 | 1 vs 2 | ||||||
| N | 122 | 26 | 118 | 52 | 65 | ||||
| Age | 71.0 (68–76) | 67.5 (61–77) | 85 (80–89) | 84 (72–88) | 85 (81–90) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 62 (50.8) | 16 (61.5) | 33 (28.0) | 12 (23.1) | 21 (32.3) | ||||
| Female | 60 (49.2) | 10 (38.5) | 85 (72.0) | 40 (72.9) | 44 (67.7) | ||||
| Delirium | |||||||||
| No | 122 (100) | 0 (0) | 52 (44.4) | 52 (100) | 0 (0) | ||||
| Yes | 0 (0) | 100 (100) | 65 (55.6) | 0 (0) | 65 (100) | ||||
| Dementia | |||||||||
| No | 122 (100) | 17 (65.4) | 58 (49.6) | 43 (82.6) | 15 (23.1) | ||||
| Yes | 0 (0) | 9 (34.6) | 60 (50.4) | 9 (17.3) | 50 (76.9) | ||||
| CSF catechols | |||||||||
| Noradrenaline | 13.4 (9.8–20.1) | 17.8 (8.5–24.5) | 38.2 (24.6–53.3) | 39.4 (28.4–51.7) | 35.4 (21.8–53.5) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.21 | 0.30 |
| Adrenaline | 5.9 (3.9–8.3) | 6.0 (3.6–7.4) | 8.4 (5.3–12.7) | 10.4 (6.7–13.6) | 7.9 (4.5–12.0) | <0.001 | 0.049 | 0.03 | 0.96 |
| Dopamine | 2.6 (1.8–3.2) | 1.2 (0.8–2.0) | 1.5 (0.8–2.2) | 2.0 (1.2–2.8) | 1.3 (0.6–1.8) | <0.001 | 0.49 | 0.002 | <0.001 |
Data are presented as number with percentages in brackets for gender, delirium and dementia. Age (years) and CSF catecholamine levels (nM) are presented as median and interquartile ranges as shown by the 25 and 75 percentiles. Two-tailed P-values are obtained by Kruskal–Wallis test for comparisons across the cohorts while Mann–Whitney U-test is applied for delirium group comparisons.