Fig. 3.

Establishment of CoCl₂-induced retinal degeneration NHP model. A Intraoperative imaging of CoCl₂ injection superimposed on fundus autofluorescence (FAF) image. B and C FAF images (1- and 4-month, respectively) showed persistently decreased autofluorescence signal intensities suggestive of RPE damage in the site of CoCl₂ injected region within the red dotted lines. The area outlined in white was selected for analysis of morphological changes. D OCT scan showed normal retinal structure outside the CoCl₂ injection zone. The red and black arrows indicate the intact ellipsoid zone and RPE/Bruch’s membrane complex, respectively. E1 to E3 tracked OCT line scans from different regions across the CoCl₂ injected zone demonstrated persistent outer retinal alterations without recovery of the ellipsoid zone up to 4 months post-CoCl₂ injection. Scale bars, 200 μm. F1–F4 Immunofluorescence and H&E staining of retina in un-operated controls show ordered outer nuclear layer and intact photoreceptor outer segments. Scale bar: 10 μm. G1–G4 Immunofluorescence and H&E staining of retina 1 month after CoCl₂ damage shows disorganization of the outer nuclear layer and photoreceptor outer segments. Scale bar: 100 μm