Fig. 1.

Mechanism of the effects caused by gut microbiome on cancer treatment response. Tregs = regulatory T cells, MDSCs = myeloid-derived suppressor cells, DCs = dendritic cells, SCFAs = short chain fatty acids, Metabolic variations caused by the microbiota can modulate and side effects of cancer therapy, which may depend on the immune system of the host or the metabolism of chemotherapeutic agents in tumour cells, The immune response and inflammation are important aspects of the impact of the micriobiome on cancer treatment efficacy which may be modulate by metabolism or translocation of microbiome and microbiome constituents