Table 11.

Estimated Economic Impact of COCs due to Increased Prevalence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Women ≥18 in 2010 census	Ever use of COCs	Prevalence
119,292,801	94,599,191	161,000
Estimated women on the pill at risk		127,673
Adjusted estimate		107,288	1.19 (0.98–1.45)	Low RR (95 percent CI)
Adjusted estimate		55,510	2.3 (1.0–5.0)	High RR (95 percent CI)
Excess cases		20,385	1.19 (0.98–1.45)	Low RR (95 percent CI)
Excess cases		72,163	2.3 (1.0–5.0)	High RR (95 percent CI)
Annual cost per patient with systemic lupus erythematosus		US$21,535
Estimated total costs		US$438,985,908	1.19 (0.98–1.45)	Low RR (95 percent CI)
Estimated total costs		US$1,554,030,205	2.3 (1.0–5.0)	High RR (95 percent CI)

Note: COCs = combined oral contraceptives; CI = confidence interval; RR = relative risk.