Figure 1.

Characteristics of the gut microbiota in individuals with PCOS. Comparison of the stool microbiome of women with treatment-naïve PCOS with that of healthy controls (treatment-naïve PCOS patients: 56; controls: 31). (A-C) α-diversity of the microbiota in the feces. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM, P < 0.05, Wilcoxon rank-sum test. (D, E) Two-dimensional plot of PCoA for the microbiota. (F) Differentially abundant taxa identified using LEfSe analysis, P < 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. (G-I) The gut microbiota average relative abundance of predominant bacterial taxa at the phylum, family, and genus levels. PCoA, principal coordinate analysis; PCOS, polycystic ovarian syndrome.