Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to the presence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
| Variable | Cohort | GOD | Absence of GOD | P value |
| N | 80 | 59 | 21 | |
| Median (IQR) age | 57 (42–70) | 58 (44–69) | 55 (38–72) | 0.782 |
| Male, n (%) | 50 (63) | 34 (59) | 15 (71) | 0.325 |
| RT-PCR (+) nasopharyngeal swab, n (%) | 73 (91.2) | 55 (93) | 19 (86) | 0.985 |
| European, n (%) | 57 (71) | 37 (64) | 14 (67) | 0.940 |
| Coexisting illness, n (%) | 40 (50) | 27 (47) | 12 (57) | 0.370 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 22 (29) | 17 (29) | 5 (23) | 0.738 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 8 (10) | 6 (10) | 2 (10) | 0.932 |
| Pulmonary disease, n (%) | 8 (10) | 7 (14) | 1 (5) | 0.168 |
| Oncological disease, n (%) | 5 (6) | 2 (3) | 3 (14) | 0.76 |
| Heart disease, n (%) | 5 (6) | 3 (5) | 2 (11) | 0.453 |
| Healthcare worker, n (%) | 11 (14) | 3 (14) | 3 (14) | 0.934 |
| Median (IQR) days from onset to ER | 8 (5.25–10) | 8 (5–11) | 7 (5.5–9) | 0.135 |
| Fever, n (%) | 71 (89) | 52 (88) | 19 (91) | 0.771 |
| Cough, n (%) | 62 (78) | 49 (83) | 13(62) | 0.046 |
| Shortness of breath, n (%) | 52 (65) | 35 (59) | 17 (81) | 0.074 |
| Asthenia, n (%) | 45 (56) | 33 (56) | 12 (57) | 0.934 |
| Myalgia, n (%) | 40 (50) | 34 (53) | 9 (43) | 0.147 |
| Diarrhoea, n (%) | 35 (44) | 25 (42) | 10 (48) | 0.677 |
| Hyporexia, n (%) | 33(38) | 29 (49) | 4 (19) | 0.016 |
| Headache, n (%) | 28 (35) | 24 (41) | 4 (19) | 0.061 |
| Arthralgia, n (%) | 10 (13) | 8 (14) | 2 (10) | 0.545 |
| Chest pain, n (%) | 9 (11) | 6 (10) | 3 (14) | 0.608 |
| Odynophagia n, (%) | 7 (9) | 6 (10) | 1 (5) | 0.451 |
| Vomiting, n (%) | 7 (9) | 6 (10) | 1 (5) | 0.451 |
| Rash, n (%) | 5 (6) | 5 (9) | 0 | 0.168 |
| Rhinorrhea | 2 (3) | 1 (2) | 1 (5) | – |
Bold formatting indicates statistical significance.
ER, emergency room; GOD, gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions.