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. 2021 Aug 5;15:673369. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.673369

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Copyright © 2021 Juan, Nguyen, Liang, Quinn, Chen, Muggleton, Yeh, Woolrich, Nobre and Huang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Illustration of the outcome of HHSA on synthesized data with time-varying coupling strength. (A) A synthesized signal X(t) with time-varying coupling strength from 0 to 1. The modulated signal (xf_A(t)) shows a power increase corresponding to the coupling strength. (B) The time-resolved power spectrum obtained by Hilbert-Huang transform. (C) The amplitude spectrum of envelope at 4 time points extracted using Holo-Hilbert spectra to track the 4 various levels of coupling strength across time.