FIGURE 4.

Analgesic action of intraarticular RTX in companion canine osteoarthritis model compared to preliminary data from a human clinical trial. These five panels show the fluid transition from the companion canine model to a human osteoarthritis clinical trial. In both species RTX was delivered intraarticularly (fore or hind limb in the dog and into the knee joint in the human). The canine work is from reference 37, the human clinical data are adapted from a published abstract (Leiman et al., 2020). Note the duration of the 5 ml placebo injection which only begins to wane after 14 days despite the fact that only one injection of either vehicle or RTX was delivered reducing the opportunities for reinforcement such as daily oral medication which are absent with this interventional single injection treatment.