Table 6.
Common Adverse Drug Reactions and Monitoring Recommendationsa
| Drug | Adverse Reactions | Monitoring |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| Azithromycin | Gastrointestinal | Clinical monitoring |
| Tinnitus/hearing loss | Audiogram | |
| Hepatotoxicity | Liver function tests | |
| Prolonged QTc | ECG (QTc) | |
|
| ||
| Clarithromycin | Gastrointestinal | Clinical monitoring |
| Tinnitus/hearing loss | Audiogram | |
| Hepatotoxicity | Liver function tests | |
| Prolonged QTc | ECG (QTc) | |
|
| ||
| Clofazimine | Tanning of skin and dryness | Clinical monitoring |
| Hepatotoxicity | Liver function tests | |
| Prolonged QTc | ECG (QTc) | |
|
| ||
| Doxycycline | GI upset | Clinical monitoring |
| Photosensitivity | Clinical monitoring | |
| Tinnitus/vertigo | Clinical monitoring | |
|
| ||
| Ethambutol | Ocular toxicity | Visual Acuity and color discrimination |
| Neuropathy | Clinical monitoring | |
|
| ||
| Isoniazid | Hepatitis | Liver function tests |
| Peripheral neuropathy | Clinical monitoring | |
|
| ||
| Linezolid | Peripheral neuropathy | Clinical monitoring |
| Optic neuritis | Visual acuity and color discrimination | |
| Cytopenias | Complete blood count | |
|
| ||
| Moxifloxacin | Prolonged QTc | ECG (QTc) |
| Hepatotoxicity | Liver function tests | |
| Tendinopathy | Clinical monitoring | |
|
| ||
| Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole | GI upset | Clinical monitoring |
| Cytopenias | Complete blood count | |
| Hypersensitivity | Clinical monitoring | |
| Photosensitivity | Clinical monitoring | |
|
| ||
| Rifabutin | Hepatotoxicity | Liver function test |
| Cytopenias | Complete blood count | |
| Uveitis | Visual acuity | |
| Hypersensitivity | Clinical monitoring | |
| Orange discoloration of secretions | ||
|
| ||
| Rifampicin (rifampin) | Hepatotoxicity | Liver function test |
| Cytopenias | Complete blood count | |
| Hypersensitivity | Clinical monitoring | |
| Orange discoloration of secretions | ||
|
| ||
| Amikacin, Streptomycin, Tobramycin | Vestibular toxicity | Clinical monitoring |
| Ototoxicity | Audiograms | |
| Nephrotoxicity | BUN, creatinine | |
| Electrolyte disturbances | Calcium, magnesium, potassium | |
|
| ||
| Amikacin liposome inhalation suspension | Dysphonia | Clinical monitoring |
| Vestibular toxicity | Clinical monitoring | |
| Ototoxicity | Audiograms | |
| Nephrotoxicity | BUN, creatinine | |
| Cough | Clinical monitoring | |
| Dyspnea | Clinical monitoring | |
|
| ||
| Cefoxitin | Cytopenias | Complete blood count |
| Hypersensitivity | Clinical monitoring | |
|
| ||
| Imipenem | Rashes | Clinical monitoring |
| Cytopenias | Complete blood count | |
| Nephrotoxicity | BUN/Creatinine | |
|
| ||
| Tigecycline | Nausea/vomiting | Clinical monitoring |
| Hepatitis/pancreatitis | Liver function tests, amylase/lipase | |
a
The expert panel recommends that patients have a complete blood count, liver function tests, and metabolic panel every 1–3 months in patients on oral therapy and weekly when on intravenous therapy.
Monitoring frequency should be individualized based on treatment regimen, age, co-morbidities, concurrent drugs, overlapping drug toxicities, and resources.