Effect of CP55940 and ABK5 on cytokine production. Jurkat cells were pretreated with DMSO (<0.01%) or various concentrations of CP55940 (A, B, C) or ABK5 (D, E, F) for 30 min and stimulated by PHA/PMA for 24 h. IL-2 and TNF-α mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR in cells treated with (A) CP55940 and (D) ABK5. The concentrations of IL-2 and TNF-α protein released to the culture medium were tested by ELISA for cells treated with (B, C) CP55940 and (E, F) ABK5. The 0 μM CP55940 or ABK5 in frames A-F is just PHA/PMA stimulation alone. (G) Effect of PHA/PMA stimulation on IL-2 and TNF-α mRNA levels. Results are indicated as the mean ± S.E.M. of three independent assays performed in duplicate or triplicate for each concentration. One-way ANOVA plus Dunnett’s post-hoc test were used and *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001 versus vehicle control group.