Table 2.

Multivariable model: acute kidney injury adjusted for covariates.

Variable	Odds ratio	95% Confidence interval	P value
Obesity	1.82	1.05–3.15	.034
ACEI/ARB	1.68	1.00–2.84	.052
Age (per 5 yr)	1.06	0.96–1.18	.260
Sex (Male vs Female)	1.57	0.99–2.50	.057
Diabetes	0.94	0.57–1.57	.824
Heart disease	2.41	1.47–3.95	<.001
Hypertension	2.09	1.04–4.18	.038
CKD	2.93	1.76–4.88	<.001
Pressors Intraoperative	1.40	0.83–2.35	.206
Spinal surgery	2.65	1.45–4.84	.002

^∗Odds ratios and p-values from multivariable binomial logistic regression model.

ACEI = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker, CKD = chronic kidney disease.