Table 3.
COVID-19 outcomes in cohorts before and after propensity matching during the first 90 days of the pandemic (COVID-19 diagnosis anytime between Jan 20 and April 19, 2020).
| Outcome | Before Propensity Matching | After Propensity Matching | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RA with COVID-19 (n = 920) |
non-RA with COVID-19 (n = 44,658) | Risk Ratio [95% CI] | P value | RA with COVID-19 (n = 920) |
non-RA with COVID-19 (n = 920) | Risk Ratio [95% CI] | P value | |
| Mortality | 76 (8.3%) |
2,107 (4.7%) |
1.75 (1.41, 2.18) |
< 0.0001 | 76 (8.30%) |
64 (7.0%) |
1.19 (0.86, 1.63) |
0.2914 |
| Hospitalization | 340 (37.0%) |
10,759 (24.1%) |
1.53 (1.41, 1.67) |
< 0.0001 | 340 (37.0%) |
309 (33.6%) |
1.10 (0.97, 1.25) |
0.1304 |
| ICU admission | 89 9.7% |
2605 5.8% |
1.66 (1.36, 2.03) |
< 0.0001 | 89 (9.7%) |
77 (8.4%) |
1.16 (0.86, 1.55) |
0.3288 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 59 (6.4%) |
2545 (5.7%) |
1.13 (0.88, 1.44) |
0.3556 | 59 (6.4%) |
61 (6.6%) |
0.97 (0.68, 1.37) |
0.8502 |
| Severe COVID-19† | 100 (10.9%) |
3,758 (8.4%) |
1.29 (1.07, 1.56) |
0.0081 | 100 (10.9%) |
106 (11.5%) |
0.94 (0.73, 1.22) |
0.6573 |
| Acute kidney injury | 138 (15.0%) |
3747 (8.4%) |
1.79 (1.53, 2.09) |
< 0.0001 | 138 (15.0%) |
129 (14.0%) |
1.07 (0.86, 1.34) |
0.5514 |
| KRT/Hemodialysis | < 11¶ | 302 (0.7%) |
NA | NA | < 11¶ | < 11¶ | NA | NA |
| ARDS | 37 (4.0%) |
2045 (4.6%) |
0.88 (0.64, 1.21) |
0.4227 | 37 (4.0%) |
45 (4.9%) |
0.82 (0.54, 1.26) |
0.3661 |
| Ischemic Stroke | 21 (2.3%) |
428 (1%) |
2.38 (1.54, 3.67) |
< 0.0001 | 21 (2.3%) |
12 (1.3%) |
1.75 (0.87, 3.54) |
0.1139 |
| VTE | 40 (4.3%) |
1028 (2.3%) |
1.89 (1.39, 2.57) |
< 0.0001 | 40 (4.3%) |
28 (3.0%) |
1.43 (0.89, 2.30) |
0.1381 |
| Sepsis | 114 (12.4%) |
3760 (8.4%) |
1.47 (1.24, 1.75) |
< 0.0001 | 114 (12.4%) |
88 (9.6%) |
1.3 (1.00, 1.68) |
0.0525 |
Age, sex, race, body mass index, and comorbidities (hypertension, chronic lower lung disease, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, chronic kidney disease, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, nicotine dependence, and alcohol-related disorders) were included as covariates in propensity score matching. ICU Intensive care unit, KRT Kidney replacement therapy, ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome, VTE Venous thromboembolism, NA Not applicable.
TriNetX obfuscates the number if it is less than 11 due to privacy reasons.
† Composite of mechanical ventilation and mortality.