Table 2.

Summary of included studies which report cognitive improvement following transcatheter aortic valve implantation

Time-point	Study*	Country	Timing of assessment (post-TAVI) †	N at time-point	Age at time-point (years)‡	Cognitive decline	Cognitive assessment	Cognitive improvement definition	Robust/relaxed definition
<1-month	Lansky (2016)	USA	Discharge	36	-	50.0%	MoCA	Improved score	Relaxed
≥1-month, <6-month	Altisent (2016)	Spain	79 ± 32 days	34	-	20.6%	GCD	RCI > 1	Robust
	Auffret (2016)	Canada	30 days	40	-	40.0%	Mixed test battery	RCI > 1.645 in ≥ 1 test	Robust
				51	80 [72–85]	5.9%	MoCA	RCI > 1.645	Robust
	Lansky (2016)	USA	30 days	32	-	38.0%	MoCA	Improved score	Relaxed
				28	-	60.7%	DSST	Improved score	Relaxed
				29	-	10.3%	TMT-A (Err)	Decreased errors	Relaxed
				32	-	53.1%	TMT-A (Time)	Decreased time	Relaxed
				19	-	31.6%	TMT-B (Err)	Decreased errors	Relaxed
				30	-	33.3%	TMT-B (Time)	Decreased time	Relaxed
				32	-	31.2%	VF (Letter)	Improved score	Relaxed
				32	-	40.6%	VF (Animal)	Improved score	Relaxed
	Orvin (2014)	Israel	1 month	36	82.2 (4.2)	55.6%	MMSE	Improved score	Relaxed
≥6-month	Auffret (2016)	Canada	1 year	40	-	30.0%	Mixed test battery	RCI > 1.645 in ≥ 1 test	Robust
				51	80 [72–85]	7.8%	MoCA	RCI > 1.645	Robust
	Schoenenberger (2016)	Switzerland	6-9 months	229	83.4 (5.5)	10.5%	MMSE	Decrease ≥ 3 points	Robust

^⁎Included study reference list in Supplementary Materials.

^†As reported within the study publication.

^‡Age in years reported as mean (SD) or median [IQR].

DSST = Digit Symbol Substitution Test; GCD = Global cognitive dimension; Mixed test battery = DSST, TMT-A, TMT-B, VF; MMSE = Mini Mental State Examination; MoCA = Montreal Cognitive Assessment; RCI = reliable change index; TAVI = transcatheter aortic valve implantation; TMT-A = Trail Making Test Part A; TMT-B = Trail Making Test Part B; VF = Verbal Fluency Tests.