Table 3.
Cognitive test scores in PD and HV participants
| Raw score mean (sd) range |
z scorea mean (sd) range |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||
| Cognitive test | PD | HV | PD | HV |
|
| ||||
| HVLT-R immediate | 26.4 (3.4) 17 – 35 |
27.0 (3.6) 19 – 34 |
0.25 (0.73) −1.35 – 1.87 |
0.33 (0.87) −1.84 – 2.06 |
| HVLT-R delayed | 9.7 (1.6) 6 – 12 |
10.2 (1.4) 6 – 12 |
0.33 (0.72) −1.82 – 1.54 |
0.48 (0.71) −1.65 – 1.38 |
| Trail Making, Part A b | 31.1 (12.0) 15 – 116 |
28.5 (8.2) 15 – 51 |
0.03 (0.84) −4.49 – 1.36 |
0.23 (0.66) −1.24 – 1.90 |
| Trail Making, Part B b | 75.0 (25.9) 40 – 138 |
66.2 (19.4) 26 – 117 |
0.12 (0.63) −1.60 – 1.31 |
0.33 (0.45) −0.96 – 1.28 |
| Letter-Number Sequencing | 10.4 (2.1) 6 – 16 |
10.6 (2.2) 6 – 17 |
0.64 (0.73) −0.67 – 3.00 |
0.71 (0.74) −1.00 – 3.00 |
| Digit Symbol | 48.1 (9.0) 31 – 77 |
53.2 (8.0) 31 – 75 |
−0.14 (0.73) −1.87 – 2.30 |
0.32 (0.73) −1.41 – 2.12 |
| Semantic verbal fluency | 21.4 (4.3) 13 – 34 |
23.4 (4.6) 14 – 36 |
−0.10 (0.77) −1.70 – 2.22 |
0.23 (0.87) −1.41 – 2.86 |
| Phonemic verbal fluency | 45.7 (11.9) 22 – 77 |
49.1 (11.1) 22 – 80 |
0.68 (0.92) −1.09 – 3.29 |
0.93 (0.92) −1.20 – 3.53 |
| Judgment of Line Orientation | 12.7 (2.0) 6 – 15 |
13.0 (1.8) 7 – 15 |
1.96 (2.00) −1.88 – 3.99 |
2.36 (1.93) −1.64 – 3.99 |
a
z scores based on demographically-corrected normative data
b
Higher scores represent worse performance
Abbreviations: HV, healthy volunteers; HVLT-R, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised; PD, Parkinson’s disease; sd, standard deviation