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. 2021 Aug 19;11:16885. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-96433-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Radiographs of correctly classified examples. CTR values and three lines were generated by segmentation-based methods using deep learning models for the detection of cardiomegaly. The red lines represent the maximum transverse diameter of the left or right side of the heart, respectively; the yellow and blue lines represent the transverse thoracic diameter and the midline of the spine, respectively. For each case, the left image was generated by segmentation-based method 1, and the right image was generated by segmentation-based method 2. (a) PA CXR of a patient with cardiomegaly (reference standard [RS] = 0.522); (b) PA CXR of a patient with cardiomegaly and pleural effusion (RS = 0.611); (c) PA CXR of a patient with pneumothorax, pleural effusion, and left lung collapse, (RS = 0.466); (d) PA CXR of a patient with no finding (RS = 0.41). CTR cardiothoracic, PA CXR posterior-anterior chest X-ray.