Table 2.

Mechanisms of injury, red flag symptoms, and red flag examination findings in patients with blunt neck trauma

Mechanisms of injury associated with blunt neck trauma	Red flag symptoms of blunt neck trauma	Red flag examination findings
Clothesline injury	Stridor	Respiratory distress
Road traffic collisions (particularly in unrestrained passengers)	Dysphonia	Ecchymosis of the neck
Strangulation	Dyspnoea	Surgical emphysema of the neck
Contact sports	Dysphagia	Tracheal deviation
Assault	Odynophagia	Haemoptysis
		Rapidly expanding neck haematoma