Table 1.
Study characteristics of records included in effectiveness analysis.
| References | Study design | n * |
Female
ratio |
Age: mean ± SD (median) (range) | Intervention | Control | Maximum injected volume; injection technique | Follow-up (months) | Outcome measure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beer et al. (41) | RCT, multicentre, evaluator blinded | 199 | 97% | 45.5 | Restylane-L | No-treatment group | 2.17 ml (mean); anterograde, retrograde linear threading, serial puncture | 6 | MLFS and WASULL, GAIS, TEAEs |
| Chopra et al. (46) | Cohort, multicentre, open label, prospective | 57 | 93% | 46.5, (23–72) | Restylane-L | Baseline-controlled | 1–3 ml (range); submucosa, retrograde, anterograde linear, fanning | 3 | GAIS, MLFS, TEAEs |
| Dayan et al. (42) | RCT, multicentre, evaluator blinded | 208 | 95.8% | (49), (20–79) | Juvéderm Ultra XC (HYC-24L) | No-treatment group | 4.8 ml (max); linear threading, serial puncture, fanning, crosshatching | 12 | ALFS, POL, OCS, ISRs, AEs |
| Eccleston et al. (47) | Cohort, multicentre, open label, prospective | 59 | 100% | 50, (21–74) | Juvéderm Volbella | Baseline-controlled | 1.3 ml (median); retrograde, tunneling, crosshatching | 12 | ALFS, AEs |
| Fagien et al. (48) | Cohort, multicentre, evaluator blinded, prospective | 50 | 96% | (47), (24–68) | Juvéderm Ultra | Baseline-controlled | 2.2 ml (median), 2.3 ml (max); retrograde, anterograde, tunneling, serial puncture | 12 | ALFS, OCS, POL, CTR, AEs |
| Geronemus, et al. (43) | RCT, multicentre, evaluator blinded | 224 | 96.9% | (54), (22–78) | Juvéderm Volbella XC (VYC-15L) | Restylane-L | 2.5 ml (median); subdermal, intradermal, tunneling, puncture | 12 | ALFS, POLSS, POLM, OCS, GAIS, AEs |
| Glogau et al. (44) | RCT multicentre, evaluator blinded | 135 | 99% | 47.6 ± 10.6, (50.0), (18.0–65.0) | Restylane | No-treatment group | 1.5 ml (max), 0.3–2.5 ml (range); linear injection technique, serial puncture | 6 | MLFS, GAIS, AEs |
| Raspaldo et al. (45) | RCT multicentre, evaluator blinded | 268 | 97.1% | (48), (18–76) | Juvéderm Volbella (with Lidocaine) | Restylane-L | 1.97–1.86 ml (mean); intradermal, subdermal, tunneling | 12 | ALFS, POL, OCS, AEs, ISRs, |
| Solish and Swift (49) | Cohort, multicentre, evaluator blinded, prospective | 18 | 86% | 41.1 ± 11.4, (40), (26–65) | Restylane | Baseline-controlled | 1.5 ml (max); anterograde, vertical, deposition formation | 3 | MLFS, GAIS, AEs |
| Yazdanparast et al. (50) | Cohort, single center, open label, prospective | 10 | 100% | (28–45) | Hyamax Kiss | Baseline-controlled | 1 ml (max); retrograde | 6 | MLFS, IGA, VAS, AEs |
*
Number of participants included in the MA analysis (Exclusion due to study groups using different filling material or other anatomical sites.).
AEs, Adverse events; ALFS, Allergan Lip Fullness Scale; CTR, common treatment-site responses; GAIS, Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale; IGA, Investigator's Global Assessment; ISRs, Injection site responses; MLFS, Medicis Lip Fullness Scale; OCS, Oral Commissure Severity Scale; POL/POLSS, Allegran Perioral Severity Scale; POLM, Allergan Perioral Lines at Maximal Contraction scale; SP, Standardized photography; TEAE, treatment-emergent adverse events; VAS, Visual Analog Scale; WASULL, Wrinkle Assessment Scale of Upper Lip Lines.