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. 1977 Sep 1;18(3):349–360. doi: 10.1186/BF03548432

Saponin Adjuvants. IV. Evaluation of The Adjuvant Quil a in the Vaccination of Cattle Against Foot-And-Mouth Disease

K Dalsgaard 1,✉, Merethe H Jensen 1, K J Sørensen 1
PMCID: PMC8377628  PMID: 910657

Abstract

The saponin adjuvant Quil A has been investigated in the vaccination of cattle against foot-and-mouth disease. Using a Frenkel type vaccine a dose-response relationship has been established between Quil A and neutralizing antibody titres. Ten ml of vaccine was combined with 0, 50, 200, 800, and 3200 µg of Quil A. The combinations were each injected into 4 animals. The local reaction on the site of injection produced by injection of the vaccine alone and in combination with different doses of Quil A has been estimated. On this basis a therapeutical dose at 1 mg of Quil A has been estimated to combine maximum adjuvant effect with a minimum of adverse reactions. This dose has been tested in the vaccination of cattle with FMD vaccines derived from BHK suspension cell virus of type O and A respectively. The vaccines were tested in 10 ml and 5 ml doses with or without Quil A, and each in 4 animals. It is concluded that Quil A is a valuable adjuvant for use in the induction of neutralizing antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease in cattle.

Keywords: adjuvant, FMD, saponin, vaccines, neutralizing antibodies, Quil A.

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