TABLE 3.

Beliefs and behaviours between low and high knowledge scorers in both the public and private sector

Harmful beliefs	Total N = 782		Public (N = 379)					Private (N = 403)
			Low knowledge (N = 291) agree/true		High knowledge (N = 87) agree/ true		Chi-square test (high vs. low)	Low knowledge (N = 154) agree/true		High knowledge (N = 243) agree/true		Chi-square test (high vs. low)
	n	%	n	%	n	%		n	%	n	%
If people demand an antibiotic, the doctor or nurse should give it to them	193	25	108	37	38	44	0.02	23	15	24	10	< 0.001
Antibiotics should be available without a prescription	137	18	66	23	24	28	0.02	22	15	25	10	< 0.001
Scientists will discover new antibiotics if the current ones stop working	425	54	191	66	70	80	0.01	57	39	107	45	0.32
I have been to the clinic/ doctor specifically because I wanted an antibiotic	301	38	134	46	46	53	0.28	39	27	82	34	0.17
I have taken antibiotics that were prescribed for a friend or family member	122	16	62	21	23	26	0.33	14	11	23	10	0.90
I have saved unused antibiotics to use at a later time	161	21	70	24	27	31	0.20	22	16	42	18	0.63
I have given my antibiotics to a friend or family member	130	17	59	20	25	29	0.10	21	16	25	11	0.20
I have exaggerated my symptoms to get antibiotics	102	13	50	17	22	25	0.10	16	12	14	6	0.05
When I am prescribed antibiotics I feel relieved that the doctor or nurse realises I am sick	463	29	243	84	70	81	0.43	62	48	88	40	0.13
When I am prescribed antibiotics I feel happy because my visit was justified	407	52	222	77	71	82	0.35	45	36	69	33	0.56
It is most important to have antibiotics when I have been sick for a long time	474	61	195	67	69	79	0.03	83	58	127	53	0.35
It is most important to have antibiotics when I am very sick	487	62	195	67	71	82	0.01	88	62	133	56	0.23
It is most important to have antibiotics when I tried simple remedies but they did not work	427	55	171	59	63	72	0.021	69	49	124	52	0.50
Protective beliefs
Antibiotics can upset your body’s natural balance	491	62	119	41	67	78	< 0.001	81	53	224	93	< 0.001
It is important for me to finish the course of antibiotics I have been prescribed	707	90	269	92	84	97	0.39	117	77	237	98	< 0.001
Antibiotics are strong and you should only take them when you really need them	637	81	238	82	79	91	0.1	99	66	221	91	< 0.001
Antibiotics will work less well in future if we overuse them now	473	61	161	55	63	72	0.01	69	47	180	75	< 0.001
Antibiotic resistance is likely to be very costly to the world	456	58	163	56	70	80	< 0.001	52	37	171	72	< 0.001
When I am prescribed antibiotics I feel annoyed because too many antibiotics are being prescribed	174	22	60	21	29	34	0.013	32	26	53	26	0.97
When I am prescribed antibiotics I feel worried because I prefer not to take antibiotics unless absolutely necessary	415	53	162	56	57	66	0.091	69	54	127	60	0.34
It is most important to have antibiotics when the doctor or nurse thinks I have a bacterial infection	618	79	259	89	80	92	0.43	92	64	187	78	0.002
Taking antibiotics is not about how sick I am, it depends what kind of illness I have	654	84	252	87	83	95	0.023	105	74	214	89	< 0.001