Table 1.

Demographic characteristics of in-depth interview samples.

Data Sources	User ID	Gender	Age	Educational Background	Profession	Cumulative use time
TikTok	xiangcunxiaolei	Male	25	Bachelor	Country startup	Over 3 years
	Heyuan0617	Female	22	Bachelor	Clerk in private enterprise	1–2 years (inclusive)
	Syxlb123	Male	35	High school	e-Commerce startup	6 months to 1 year (inclusive)
	Xiangyi1616	Female	27	Doctoral candidate	Student	1–2 years (inclusive)
	YS178728	Female	28	High school	Housewife	1–2 years (inclusive)
	Qiangzi202001	Female	30	Junior college	TikTok startup	1–2 years (inclusive)
	2211832341	Male	30	Junior college	Executive in private enterprise	1–2 years (inclusive)
	183726223	Female	26	Bachelor	Airhostess	1–2 years (inclusive)
	Pu0802	Female	30	Bachelor	Startup	Over 3 years
	Abby20170130	Female	30	Junior college	Housewife	Over 3 years
	Thingdifferent99	Male	45	Junior college	Startup	1–2 years (inclusive)
MicroBlog	Yuyuanbo1205	Female	33	Bachelor	High school teacher	Over 5 years
	Chen Shiyun	Male	26	Doctoral candidate	Student	Over 10 years
	Mak	Female	26	Bachelor	Writer	Over 5 years
	Fireworks	Female	20	Bachelor	Clerk in state owned enterprise	Over 5 years
	Red Maple	Female	23	Bachelor	Freelance	Over 5 years
	Little Fairy	Female	29	Junior college	Civil servant	7–10 years (inclusive)
	Redika	Female	23	Bachelor	freelance	7–10 years (inclusive)
WeChat	Uruhr_aqz	Female	20	Bachelor	Editor	7–10 years (inclusive)
	Jerryyf1985	Male	35	Bachelor	Manager of private enterprise	Over 10 years
	Wxid_sjc1ypgp21	Male	35	Bachelor	Executive in private enterprise	Over 10 years
	Zj8843666	Male	37	Junior college	Startup	Over 10 years
	Wuxueshi0047538	Male	35	Doctoral candidate	College teacher	Over 10 years
	A Youngboy	Male	30	Junior college	Executive in private enterprise	7–10 years (inclusive)
	Aowang112	Female	38	High school	Startup	Over 10 years
	Zhengwei5070	Male	40	Doctoral candidate	College teacher	7–10 years (inclusive)
	Yh512399184	Male	26	Junior college	Executive in private enterprise	7–10 years (inclusive)