TABLE 1.
List of genes encoded by three species of Astragalus.
| Category of genes | Group of genes | Genes |
| Genes for photosynthesis (45) | Subunits of photosystem I | psaA, psaB, psaC, psaI, psaJ |
| Subunits of photosystem II | psbA, psbB, psbC, psbD, psbE, psbF, psbI, psbJ, psbH, psbK, psbL, psbM, psbN, psbT, psbZ, ycf3** | |
| Subunits of ATP synthase | atpA, atpB, atpE, atpF*, atpH, atpI | |
| Subunits of NADH-dehydrogenase | ndhA*, ndhB*, ndhC, ndhD, ndhE, ndhF, ndhG, ndhH, ndhI, ndhJ, ndhK | |
| Subunits of cytochrome b/f complex | petA, petB*, petD*, petG, petL, petN | |
| Subunit of Rubisco | rbcL | |
| Self-replication (55) | Large subunit of ribosome | rpl14, rpl16, rpl2*, rpl20, rpl23, rpl32, rpl33, rpl36 |
| Small subunit of ribosome | rps11, rps12, rps14, rps15, rps18, rps19, rps2, rps3, rps4, rps7, rps8 | |
| DNA-dependent RNA polymerase | rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1*, rpoC2 | |
| Ribosomal RNAs | rrn5S, rrn4.5S, rrn16S, rrn23S, | |
| tRNA genes | trnH-GUG, trnM-CAU, trnF-GAA, trnL-UAA, trnT-UGU, trnS-GGA, trnfM-CAU, trnG-GCC, trnS-UGA, trnT-GGU, trnE-UUC(× 2), trnY-GUA, trnD-GUC, trnC-GCA, trnR-UCU, trnS-GGA, trnQ-UUG, trnW-CCA, trnP-UGG, trnI-CAU, trnL-CAA, trnV-GAC, trnA-UGC, trnR-ACG, trnN-GUU, trnL-UAG, trnG-UCC, trnK-UCC | |
| Other genes (5) | Subunit of acetyl-CoA-carboxylase | accD |
| c-type cytochrome synthesis gene | ccsA | |
| Envelop membrane protein | cemA | |
| Protease | clpP* | |
| Maturase | matK | |
| Genes with unknown function (3) | Conserved open reading frames | ycf1, ycf2, ycf4 |
* and ** indicate genes containing one/two introns.