Table 3.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of NLIM patients infected with different pathogens.
| Variables | Mycobacterium tuberculosis (n = 28) | Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (n = 13) | Corynebacterium spp. (n = 15) | Other bacteriaa (n = 17) | Fungi (n = 9) | Viruses (n = 1) | Parasites (n = 1) | Total of patientsb (n = 84) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||||||
| Sex F, n (%) | 24 (85.7) | 13 (100) | 15 (100) | 15 (88.2) | 9 (100) | 1 (100) | 1 (100) | 78 (92.9) |
| Age (mean ± SD) | 48.1 ± 19.7 | 32.8 ± 10.6 | 37.6 ± 10.9 | 34.8 ± 16.3 | 44.4 ± 16.5 | 50 | 64 | 41.0 ± 16.9 |
| Pregnancy history, n (%) | 2 (7.1) | 3 (23.1) | 8 (53.3) | 6 (35.3) | N/Ac | 0 (0.0) | N/A | 19 (22.6) |
| Risk factors, n (%) | 9 (32.1) | 10 (83.3) | 4 (26.7) | 10 (58.8) | 3 (33.3) | 1 (100) | N/A | 37 (44.0) |
| Signs and symptoms previous to hospitalization | ||||||||
| Breast mass, n (%) | 17 (60.7) | 6 (46.2) | 11 (73.3) | 13 (76.5) | 8 (88.9) | 1 (100) | 1 (100) | 57 (67.9) |
| Abscess, n (%) | 13 (46.4) | 8 (61.5) | 6 (40.0) | 9 (52.9) | 3 (33.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 39 (46.4) |
| Fistula, n (%) | 12 (42.9) | 4 (30.8) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (11.8) | 1 (11.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 19 (22.6) |
| Breast hardness (%) | 3 (10.7) | 3 (23.1) | 1 (6.7) | 2 (11.8) | 1 (11.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (11.9) |
| Fever, n (%) | 4 (14.3) | 2 (15.4) | 1 (6.7) | 2 (11.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (10.7) |
| Nipple discharge, n (%) | 2 (7.1) | 2 (15.4) | 1 (6.7) | 1 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (8.3) |
| Ulcer, n (%) | 1 (3.6) | 1 (7.7) | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (11.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (4.8) |
| BIEd, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (23.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (3.6) |
| Blisters, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.2) |
| Isolated breast pain, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.2) |
| Diagnosis and treatment | ||||||||
| Time to close diagnosis in weeks median (IQR) | 28 (16–32) | 8 (5–12) | 8 (2–20) | 3 (1–6) | 12 (5–22) | 4 | N/A | 12 (4–28) |
| Treatment time in weeks median (IQR) | 24 (24–24) | 26 (24–48) | 4 (3–10) | 3 (2–24) | 30 (1–52) | 1 | N/A | 24 (4–24) |
| Abnormal chest X-ray, n (%) | 7 (25.0) | 1 (7.7) | N/A | 1 (5.9) | 4 (44.4) | N/A | N/A | 13 (15.5) |
| BIRAD IV or V results on mammography or ultrasound, n (%) | 16 (57.1) | 1 (7.7) | 3 (20.0) | 2 (11.8) | 1 (11.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 23 (27.4) |
| Final diagnosis by biopsy, n (%) | 18 (64.3) | 1 (7.7) | 9 (60.0) | 5 (29.4) | 7 (77.8) | 1 (100)e | 1 (100) | 41 (48.8) |
| Final diagnosis by culture, n (%) | 4 (14.3) | 7 (53.8) | 4 (26.7) | 9 (52.9) | 1 (11.1) | N/A | 0 (0.0) | 25 (29.8) |
| Final diagnosis by both biopsy and culture, n (%) | 4 (14.3) | 2 (15.4) | 2 (13.3) | 3 (17.6) | 1 (11.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 12 (14.3) |
| Final diagnosis by molecular methods, n (%) | 3 (7.1)f | 2 (7.7)g | 2 (13.3)h | 1 (5.9)i | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (9.5) |
| Final diagnosis by a clinically compatible frame, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (16.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.4) |
| Clinically or imagological suspicious for malignancy, n(%) | 13 (46.4) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (26.7) | 3 (17.6) | 3 (33.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 23 (27.4) |
| Clinical outcomes | ||||||||
| Surgical resections, n (%) | 12 (42.9) | 11 (84.6) | 12 (80.0) | 9 (52.9) | 7 (77.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (100) | 52 (61.9) |
| Relapse, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (23.1) | 4 (26.7) | 3 (17.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (11.9) |
| GNIj per capita classification countries | ||||||||
| Latin America (LAck) | 19 (67.9) | 8 (61.5) | 3 (20.0) | 4 (23.5) | 4 (44.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (100) | 39 (46.4) |
| USA/Canada (NAcl) | 9 (32.1) | 5 (38.5) | 12 (80.0) | 13 (76.5) | 5 (55.6) | 1 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 45 (53.6) |
Other bacteria: Not specified gram-positive bacteria, not specified gram-negative bacteria, Staphylococcus sp., Actinomyces sp., Finegoldia magna, Propionibacterium acnes, Fusobacterium sp., Acinetobacter baumannii, Aeromonas hydrophila;
Completeness of data with just patients with confirmed etiological agent (an etiological agent from two NAc's patients were not specified or described as “normal cutaneous flora,” they were excluded of this table);
N/A, Not data available;
BIE, breast implant exposure;
histological findings accompanied by immunohistochemical studies;
1/3, biopsy, culture, and PCR [polymerase chain reaction] combined;
1/2, culture and PCR combined;
2/2, culture and PCR combined;
1/1, culture and PCR combined;
GNI, gross national income;
LAc, Latin-American countries;
NAc, North American countries.