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. 2021 Aug 6;12:705838. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.705838

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Copyright © 2021 Wang, Chen, Xu, Xie, Harris and Zheng.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic diagram showing cross-talk between different signaling pathways including those of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), Wingless and Int-1 (Wnts), Renin Angiotensin System (RAS), Integrin linked kinases (ILK), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and PI3K–mTOR. Multiple signaling pathways cross-talk and converge at β-catenin nuclear translocation and binding with different transcription factors to activate different target genes in macrophage and kidney cells described. PI3K, Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase; Akt, Ak strain protein kinase B; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; PIP2, phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-trisphosphate; PIP3, phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate; mTORC2, mTOR complex 2 including mTOR, Rictor, GβL, Sin1, PRR5/Protor-1, and DEPTOR; Ang II, Angiotensin II; AT1, Angiotensin receptor 1.