Table 1.
Characteristics of patients at enrolment
| Awake prone positioning group (n=564) | Standard care group (n=557) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 61·5 (13·3) | 60·7 (14·0) | |
| Female sex | 184 (33%) | 191 (34%) | |
| Male sex | 380 (67%) | 366 (66%) | |
| Body-mass index, kg/m2 | 29·7 (4·6) | 29·7 (4·6) | |
| Clinical parameters at enrolment | |||
| Respiratory rate, breaths/min | 24·7 (5·1) | 24·9 (5·6) | |
| Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 88·2 (12·1) | 87·4 (11·4) | |
| SpO2:FiO2 | 147·9 (43·9) | 148·6 (43·1) | |
| Recruitment of individual trials | |||
| Mexico | 216 (38%) | 214 (38%) | |
| France | 200 (35%) | 202 (36%) | |
| USA | 112 (20%) | 110 (20%) | |
| Spain | 17 (3%) | 13 (2%) | |
| Ireland | 12 (2%) | 12 (2%) | |
| Canada | 7 (1%) | 6 (1%) | |
| Coexisting illness | |||
| Chronic heart disease* | 120 (21%) | 127 (23%) | |
| Chronic lung disease† | 63 (11%) | 64 (12%) | |
| Chronic kidney disease‡ | 45 (8%) | 35 (6%) | |
| Severe liver disease§ | 8 (1%) | 6 (1%) | |
| Diabetes (type 1 and 2) | 176 (31%) | 173 (3%) | |
| Obesity¶ | 221 (39%) | 231 (42%) | |
| Active malignancy | 45 (8%) | 31 (6%) | |
| Confirmed COVID-19 | 557 (99%) | 552 (99%) | |
| Use of glucocorticoids for treatment of COVID-19 | 494 (88%) | 492 (88%) | |
| Do-not-intubate order | 44 (8%) | 44 (8%) | |
| Location at enrolment | |||
| Intensive care unit | 336 (60%) | 339 (61%) | |
| Intermediate care unit | 197 (35%) | 189 (34%) | |
| Emergency department | 5 (1%) | 5 (1%) | |
| General ward | 26 (5%) | 24 (4%) | |
Data are mean (SD), or n (%). SpO2=peripheral blood oxygen saturation. FiO2=fraction of inspired oxygen.
*
Heart failure or coronary artery disease or hypertension.
†
Obstructive or restrictive lung disease.
‡
Estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min per 1·73 m2 before hospital admission.
§
Cirrhosis or portal hypertension with history of variceal bleeding, or liver disease with Child-Pugh score ≥10.
¶
Data for obesity were missing for two patients.