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. 2021 Aug 21;154:104556. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2021.104556

Table 1.

Demographics with Univariate and multivariate analysis of clinical variables as part of Phase I of the Neo-V and FLAIM machine learning frameworks.

Univariate
Multivariate
n = 1214 (n, affected) and Ranges p-value HR 95 %CI p-value HR 95 %CI
Demographics AGE range (19–96 years) <0.001* 1.04 1.03–1.06
Age > 50 years 755 <0.001* 3.15 1.81–5.50
Age > 65 years 336 <0.001* 2.43 1.72–3.44
Female 467 0.489 0.88 0.61–1.27
Readmission 46 0.147 0.05 0.01–2.95 0.951 0.001 0.01–3.40E+164
Mortality 130 (10.7%)



Blood Grouping A- 6 0.289 2.91 0.41–20.90 0.553 1.822 0.26–13.18
A+ 132 0.642 0.88 0.51–1.51 0.561 0.852 0.5–1.47
B- 19 0.332 1.64 0.60–4.45 0.858 1.098 0.4–3.02
B+ 233 <0.05* 1.5 1.03–2.18 0.051 1.459 1–2.13
O- 13 0.27 0.04 0.00–11.71 0.947 0.001 0.01–2.07E+130
O+ 183 0.224 1.28 0.86–1.90 0.25 1.262 0.85–1.88
AB- 6 <0.05* 3.88 1.23–12.27 <0.001* 7.634 2.39–24.48
AB+ 48 <0.05* 2.55 1.29–5.04 <0.001* 2.483 1.26–4.93



Comorbidities Chronic kidney disease 71 <0.001* 3.45 2.08–5.72 <0.001* 2.737 1.63–4.61
Chronic liver disease 13 0.15 2.32 0.74–7.33 0.125 2.467 0.78–7.82
Chronic obstructive lung disease 14 <0.05* 2.93 1.19–7.21 0.163 1.918 0.77–4.79
Diabetes 441 <0.05* 1.45 1.03–2.05 0.261 1.224 0.87–1.74
Hypertension 521 0.58 1.41 0.99–2.01 0.493 1.137 0.79–1.64
Ischemic heart disease 158 <0.001* 2.24 1.62–3.62 <0.05* 1.801 1.19–2.73
Other Comorbidities 571 <0.05* 1.76 1.24–2.48 <0.05* 1.721 1.21–2.45



Symptoms Asymptomatic 87 0.177 0.38 0.12–1.27 0.269 0.497 0.15–1.72
Chest pain (non-cardiac) 56 0.252 1.63 0.71–3.71 0.434 1.395 0.61–3.21
Cough 522 0.110 0.76 0.54–1.07 0.28 0.823 0.58–1.18
Fatigue/lethargy 52 0.793 1.15 0.42–3.12 0.63 0.78 0.29–2.14
Fever 768 <0.001* 0.56 0.39–0.79 <0.05* 0.568 0.4–0.81
Gastrointestinal symptoms 93 0.875 0.94 0.42–2.14 0.626 0.813 0.36–1.88
Headache 16 0.367 0.05 0.01–34.53 0.953 0.001 0.01–4.24E+150
Hemoptysis 9 0.609 0.05 0.01–5037.35 0.961 0 0–1.48E+166
Malaise 83 0.976 0.99 0.41–2.43 0.537 0.752 0.31–1.87
More than 2 symptoms 901 0.975 1.01 0.66–1.56 0.817 0.95 0.62–1.47
Myalgia 28 0.284 1.88 0.6–5.94 0.221 2.06 0.65–6.54
Nasal obstruction 2 0.788 0.05 0.01–157108055.1 0.969 0.001 0.01–4.22E+198
Other symptoms 321 <0.001* 1.97 1.38–2.8 <0.05* 1.66 1.16–2.38
Pneumothorax (clinical/radiological) 22 <0.05* 2.00 1.17–3.43 <0.05* 2.014 1.18–3.46
Rhinorrhea 7 0.502 0.05 0.01–327.09 0.964 0.001 0.01–1.70E+200
Sore throat 58 0.240 0.51 0.16–1.59 0.637 0.758 0.24–2.41
Sputum 29 0.070 2.03 0.95–4.35 0.247 1.576 0.73–3.41



Clinical Acute Kidney Injury 179 <0.001* 2.95 2.08–4.18 <0.001* 2.465 1.74–3.51
ARDS/Respiratory failure 147 <0.001* 2.81 1.96–4.03 <0.001* 2.527 1.77–3.63
Septic Shock 49 <0.001* 5.05 3.43–7.43 <0.001* 4.299 2.91–6.37
Shock Liver 3 <0.001* 11.63 2.84–47.73 <0.001* 11.476 2.77–47.68
Shortness of breath 570 <0.001* 1.81 1.24–2.62 <0.001* 1.96 1.35–2.86



Point of Care Special care unit 308 0.355 1.18 0.84–1.68 0.577 1.106 0.78–1.58
Days spent in the ICU Range (0–20 days) 0.187 1.03 0.99–1.07 0.133 1.029 1–1.07
Intensive care unit (ICU) 106 <0.001* 2.71 1.88–3.92 <0.001* 3.241 2.22–4.74
Number of admissions ICU during current hospitalization Range (0–2) <0.001* 1.78 1.3–2.43 <0.001* 2.066 1.49–2.87



Radiology Bilateral chest X-ray abnormalities 753 0.484 1.14 0.8–1.64 0.34 1.195 0.83–1.72
Unilateral chest X-ray abnormalities 131 0.911 0.97 0.56–1.7 0.997 0.999 0.58–1.75



Day One labs Abnormal blood lymphocyte count 378 <0.001* 3.02 1.74–5.26 <0.001* 2.786 1.6–4.86
Abnormal blood neutrophil count 1044 <0.05* 2.5 1.17–5.36 <0.05* 2.657 1.24–5.7
Abnormal platelets count 363 <0.05* 1.43 1.01–2.03 <0.05* 1.413 1–2.01
Abnormal serum albumin 49 0.296 1.45 0.73–2.87 0.207 1.552 0.79–3.07
Abnormal serum ALT 946 0.380 1.23 0.78–1.95 0.475 1.183 0.75–1.88
Abnormal serum APTT 347 0.217 1.26 0.88–1.81 0.137 1.32 0.92–1.9
Abnormal serum bilirubin 69 0.587 0.82 0.4–1.69 0.33 0.699 0.34–1.42
Abnormal serum BUN 382 <0.001* 3.15 2.19–4.52 <0.001* 2.784 1.94–4.01
Abnormal serum calcium 387 0.596 0.91 0.62–1.33 0.633 0.91 0.62–1.35
Abnormal serum creatinine 373 <0.001* 3.21 2.24–4.6 <0.001* 2.73 1.9–3.94
Abnormal serum hematocrit 505 <0.001* 1.87 1.33–2.65 <0.05* 1.808 1.26–2.61
Abnormal serum hemoglobin 879 <0.05* 1.67 1.08–2.58 <0.05* 1.63 1.05–2.55
Abnormal serum INR 198 <0.001* 3.38 2.38–4.8 <0.001* 3.243 2.28–4.63
Abnormal serum LDH 751 0.597 1.11 0.77–1.58 0.806 1.047 0.74–1.5
Abnormal serum magnesium 268 0.535 0.88 0.57–1.35 0.841 0.957 0.63–1.48
Abnormal serum phosphorus 32 0.893 1.08 0.4–2.91 0.58 0.752 0.28–2.07
Abnormal serum potassium 241 0.886 0.97 0.64–1.49 0.678 0.914 0.6–1.41
Abnormal serum procalcitonin 523 0.312 1.2 0.85–1.69 0.485 1.132 0.8–1.61
Abnormal serum PT 378 <0.05* 1.5 1.05–2.15 <0.05* 1.787 1.24–2.59
Abnormal serum sodium 458 0.250 1.23 0.87–1.73 0.501 1.127 0.8–1.6
Abnormal white cell count 455 <0.001* 2.08 1.45–2.96 <0.001* 2.089 1.47–2.98



Treatment Anti-malarial 2 0.385 2.4 0.34–17.27 0.587 1.73 0.24–12.51
Anti-viral drugs 99 0.715 0.9 0.51–1.6 0.538 0.835 0.47–1.49
CRRT 7 <0.05* 2.72 1.19–6.23 0.054 2.287 0.99–5.3
Hydroxychloroquine 77 0.230 0.61 0.27–1.38 0.336 0.667 0.3–1.53
Intravenous IgG 6 <0.05* 3.87 1.23–12.23 <0.05* 3.945 1.25–12.49
Invasive ventilation 74 <0.001* 2.79 1.89–4.1 <0.001* 3.208 2.15–4.79
Lopinavir/Ritonavir 1 0.616 0.05 0.01–6488.77 0.962 0.001 0.01–6.44E+175
Non-invasive ventilation (BiPAP/CPAP) 243 <0.001* 1.96 1.38–2.8 <0.001* 1.872 1.32–2.67
Plasmapheresis 96 0.317 1.25 0.82–1.91 0.234 1.294 0.85–1.98
Supportive treatment 617 <0.001* 3.89 2.22–6.81 <0.001* 3.507 2.01–6.14
Symptomatic treatment 1056 <0.05* 0.6 0.36–0.98 0.058 0.613 0.37–1.02
Systemic steroids 430 0.238 0.8 0.55–1.17 <0.05* 0.657 0.45–0.97