Fig. 7.

The representative surface morphologies of the coatings prepared by different surface modification methods of Zn-based BMs for orthopedic application: (a) Microarc oxidation coating. (Reproduced with permissions from Ref. [137]). (b) Phosphate conversion coating. (Reproduced with permissions from Ref. [136]). (c) Biomimetic deposition. (Reproduced with permissions from Ref. [155]). (d) Collagen coating. (Reproduced with permissions from Ref. [136]). (e) Atomic layer deposition of ZrO₂ coating. (Reproduced with permissions from Ref. [135]).