. 2021 Jun 12;7:192–216. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.018

Table 1.

General design constraints and criteria for biodegradable metallic device applications (Reproduced with permissions from Ref. [95]).

Criterion	Cardiovascular stent	Orthopedic internal fixation device
Biocompatibility	Non-toxic, non-inflammatory, hypoallergenic	Non-toxic, non-inflammatory, hypoallergenic No harmful release or retention of particulates Promote osteoblast and osteoclast attachment; avoid fibrous encapsulation
	No harmful release or retention of particulates
	Promote endothelial cell attachment; discourage smooth muscle cell attachment
Mechanical integrity and resorption during service	Mechanical integrity: 3–6 months	Mechanical integrity: Plates and screws <6 months Osteotomy staples <3 months Full absorption in 1–2 years
Mechanical integrity and resorption during service	Full absorption in 1–2 years
Mechanical properties	Yield strength >200 MPa	Yield strength >230 MPa Tensile strength >300 MPa Elongation to failure >15–18% Elastic modulus approximates to that of cortical bone (10–20 GPa)
	Tensile strength > 300 MPa
	Elongation of failure > 15–18%
	Elastic recoil on expansion < 4%
Corrosion behavior	Penetration rate < 20 μm year⁻¹	Plates and screws (0.5 mm year⁻¹) Hydrogen evolution < 10 μL cm⁻²·day⁻¹
	Hydrogen evolution < 10 μL cm⁻² · day⁻¹